Fertility desires and intentions of HIV-positive men and women
Fertility desires and intentions of HIV-positive men and women
复制标题
DOI：
10.2307/2673717
复制
发表时间：
2001-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Miu, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, JL;Phillips, KA;Miu, A
背景：艾滋病毒阳性的男性和女性可能有生育欲望，并可能打算要孩子。这些愿望和意图的程度以及它们如何随个人的社会和人口特征以及健康因素而变化，目前还没有得到很好的了解。方法：从1998年9月到12月，对1421名艾滋病毒感染的成年人进行了访谈，这些成年人是艾滋病毒成本和服务利用研究的一部分，这是一个具有全国代表性的概率样本，包括1996年初在美国境内接受医疗服务的2864名艾滋病毒感染的成年人。结果：总体而言，在美国接受医疗护理的艾滋病毒感染者中有28-29%希望将来有孩子。在那些想要孩子的人中，69%的女性和59%的男性实际上希望将来有一个或多个孩子。感染艾滋病毒的妇女在未来想要孩子的比例略高于想要孩子的美国妇女的总体比例。艾滋病毒感染者的生育愿望并不总是与其伴侣的愿望一致：多达20%的艾滋病毒阳性男子想要孩子，但他们的伴侣却不想要孩子。一般来说，想要孩子的艾滋病毒阳性个体比不想要孩子的人更年轻，他们的孩子更少，他们的身体功能或整体健康状况的评分更高，但对未来生育的渴望与艾滋病毒进展的测量无关。预期要孩子的艾滋病毒阳性个体通常比那些没有孩子的人更年轻，更不可能结婚。多变量分析表明，黑人艾滋病毒阳性个体比其他人更有可能期望将来有孩子。虽然已经有孩子的艾滋病毒阳性妇女比其他人更不可能渴望和期望生育更多的孩子，但伴侣的艾滋病毒状况产生的影响是混合的：与伴侣的艾滋病毒状况未知的妇女相比，伴侣的艾滋病毒状况已知的妇女想要孩子的可能性要小得多，但将来想要孩子的可能性要大得多。此外，个人健康状况显著影响女性对未来孩子的渴望，但对男性没有影响，而健康状况对男性生育期望的影响更为强烈。结论：许多感染艾滋病毒的成年人渴望并期望生育孩子，这一事实对预防艾滋病毒的垂直和异性传播、需要咨询以促进有关生育和育儿的知情决策以及未来对感染父母所生儿童的社会服务需求具有重要意义。
Context: HIV-positive men and women may have fertility desires and may intend to have children. The extent of these desires and intentions and how they may vary by individuals' social and demographic characteristics and health factors is not well understood.Methods: Interviews were conducted from September through December 1998 with 1,421 HIV-infected adults who were part of the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study, a nationally representative probability sample of 2,864 HIV-infected adults who were receiving medical care within the contiguous United States in early 1996.Results: Overall, 28-29% of HIV-Infected men and women receiving medical care in the United States desire children in the future. Among those desiring children, 69% of women and 59% of men actually expect to have one or more children in the future. The proportion of HIV-infected women desiring a child in the future is somewhat tower than the overall proportion of U.S. women who desire a child. The fertility desires of HIV-infected individuals do not always agree with those of their partners: As many as 20% of HIV-positive men who desire children have a partner who does not. Generally, HIV-positive individuals who desire children are younger have fewer children and report higher ratings of their physical functioning or overall health than their counterparts who do not desire children, yet desire for future childbearing is not related to measures of HIV progression. HIV-positive individuals who expect children are generally younger and less likely to be married than those who do not. Multivariate analyses indicate that black HIV-positive individuals are more likely to expect children in the future than are others. While HIV-positive women who already have children are significantly less likely than others both to desire and to expect more births, partner's HIV status has mixed effects: Women whose partner's HIV status is known are significantly less likely to desire children but are significantly more likely to expect children in the future than are women whose partners HIV status is unknown. Moreover, personal health status significantly affects women's desire for children in the future but not men's, while health status more strongly influences men's expectations to have children.Conclusions: The fact that many HIV-infected adults desire and expect to have children has important implications for the prevention of vertical and heterosexual transmission of HIV the need for counseling to facilitate informed decision-making about childbearing and childrearing, and the future demand for social services for children born to infected parents.