Influence of Intermittent and Continuous Modes of Water Supply on Domestic Water Consumption
Influence of Intermittent and Continuous Modes of Water Supply on Domestic Water Consumption
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DOI：
10.1007/s11269-008-9396-8
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Kelkar, Prakash S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andey, Subhash P.;Kelkar, Prakash S.
在发展中国家，配水系统设计用于连续供水（CWS），峰值系数在2.0和3.0之间。实际上，由于各种原因，供水只限于早晚两个时段。其中一个假设是，在间歇性供水（IWS）下，居民区的用水量比CWS少。在印度的四个城市进行了一项研究，以评估IWS和CWS对生活用水量的影响。所选择的配水系统代表了每个城市的具体情况。用水量数据通过所有城市的水表读数重复收集。同一个白龙会被切换到CWS几个月，事先通知居民。在CWS操作模式下再次测量水消耗。对这四个城市在两种运行模式下的用水量进行了统计分析。研究表明，在IWS运行模式下，生活用水量取决于供水充足性。如果在间歇式供水系统下满足了用户的用水需求，则在间歇式供水系统下用水量不会发生明显的变化。
In developing countries, water distribution systems are designed for continuous water supply (CWS) with peak factor between 2.0 and 3.0. While in practice, water is supplied for restricted hours in the morning and evening hours for various reasons. One of the assumption is that under intermittent water supply (IWS), water consumption in residential areas is less compared to CWS. A study was conducted in four Indian cities to evaluate influence of IWS and CWS on domestic water consumption. The selected water distribution system (WDS) represents specific situation in each city. Water consumption data was repeatedly collected through water meter readings in all the cities. The same WDS was switched over to CWS for few months with prior information to the residents. Water consumption was again measured under CWS mode of operation. Statistical analysis of water consumption was done for all the four cities under both modes of operation. The study indicates that domestic water consumption depends on adequacy of water supply, under IWS mode of operation. Water consumption do not change appreciably under CWS, if consumers water demand is satisfied under IWS.