Water-borne spore dispersal in coffee berry disease and its relation to control*
Water-borne spore dispersal in coffee berry disease and its relation to control*
复制标题
咖啡浆果病中的水传孢子传播及其与控制的关系*
DOI：
10.1111/j.1744-7348.1972.tb04712.x
复制
发表时间：
1972
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Waller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Waller
摘要
描述了用于在感染咖啡浆果病(CBD)的咖啡树内和之间捕捉雨水散布的炭疽菌分生孢子的装置。在成熟树皮中，CBD接种量与病果数和产孢量有关，而与真菌产孢量无关。潮湿的条件促进了孢子的产生和扩散，喷洒杀菌剂延长了病果的产孢量。
在幼龄作物的生长过程中，仅有少量病果的存在，大大增加了病原菌的接种量、随后的病害发展和作物损失。病果附近的孢子密度最大，但树内的大多数孢子向下散布在树冠上。一些孢子通过风力驱动的雨滴和采摘者等媒介在树木之间传播。
在CBD流行期间，树顶的接种源是最重要的，通过移除或喷洒多茎树的顶端可以限制疾病的发生。在树冠上喷洒杀菌剂可以有效地控制CBD，因为雨天散布的孢子伴随着重新分布的杀菌剂。
SUMMARY
Devices are described which were used to catch rain-dispersed Colletotrichum conidia within and between coffee trees infected with coffee berry disease (CBD). The amount of CBD inoculum dispersed was related to the number of diseased and sporulating berries but not to the sporulating capacity of the fungus in maturing bark. Wet conditions encouraged spore production and dispersal, and spraying with fungicides prolonged sporulation of diseased berries.
The amount of pathogenic inoculum, subsequent disease development and crop losses were greatly increased by the presence of only a few diseased berries during growth of the young crop. Spore concentrations were greatest close to diseased berries, but most spores within trees were dispersed downwards through the canopy. Some spores were dispersed between trees by wind-driven rain-splash and vectors such as pickers.
Inoculum sources in tree tops are most important during CBD epidemics and disease can be restricted by removing or spraying the tops of multiple-stem trees. Fungicide applied to tree tops effectively controls CBD, because spores dispersed during rain are accompanied by redistributed fungicide