A reduced ratio of dietary carbohydrate to protein improves body composition and blood lipid profiles during weight loss in adult women
A reduced ratio of dietary carbohydrate to protein improves body composition and blood lipid profiles during weight loss in adult women
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/133.2.411
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发表时间：
2003-02-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Christou, DD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Layman, DK;Boileau, RA;Christou, DD
关于碳水化合物（CHO）与蛋白质在减肥饮食中的优点或风险的说法非常广泛，但对于成人健康和体重管理而言，饮食中碳水化合物与蛋白质的理想比例仍然未知。本研究考察了两种改变CHO/蛋白质比例的减肥饮食对成年女性身体成分和血脂的影响。体重指数为26 kg/m(2)的女性（n = 24, 45 ~ 56岁）被分为CHO/protein比值为3.5 （68 g protein/d）的CHO组和CHO/protein比值为1.4 （125 g protein/d）的protein组。饮食是等能量的，提供7100千焦/天，和类似数量的脂肪（类似50克/天）。饮食10周后，CHO组体重减轻6.96 +/- 1.36 kg，蛋白质组体重减轻7.53 +/- 1.44 kg。与CHO组（3.8 +/- 0.9）相比，蛋白质组的体重减轻明显更高，脂肪/瘦肉比（6.3 +/- 1.2 g/g）。两组血清胆固醇均显著降低（接近10%），而蛋白质组也显著降低了三酰甘油（TAG）（21%）和TAG/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比率（23%）。CHO组的女性对正餐和餐后低血糖有更高的胰岛素反应，而蛋白质组的女性则有更高的饱腹感。本研究表明，增加成年女性饮食中蛋白质与碳水化合物的比例对减肥期间的身体成分、血脂、葡萄糖稳态和饱腹感有积极影响。
Claims about the merits or risks of carbohydrate (CHO) vs. protein for weight loss diets are extensive, yet the ideal ratio of dietary carbohydrate to protein for adult health and weight management remains unknown. This study examined the efficacy of two weight loss diets with modified CHO/protein ratios to change body composition and blood lipids in adult women. Women (n = 24; 45 to 56 y old) with body mass indices >26 kg/m(2) were assigned to either a CHO Group consuming a diet with a CHO/protein ratio of 3.5 (68 g protein/d) or a Protein Group with a ratio of 1.4 (125 g protein/d). Diets were isoenergetic, providing 7100 kJ/d, and similar amounts of fat (similar to50 g/d). After consuming the diets for 10 wk, the CHO Group lost 6.96 +/- 1.36 kg body weight and the Protein Group lost 7.53 +/- 1.44 kg. Weight loss in the Protein Group was partitioned to a significantly higher loss of fat/lean (6.3 +/- 1.2 g/g) compared with the CHO Group (3.8 +/- 0.9). Both groups had significant reductions in serum cholesterol (similar to10%), whereas the Protein Group also had significant reductions in triacylglycerols (TAG) (21%) and the ratio of TAG/HDL cholesterol (23%). Women in the CHO Group had higher insulin responses to meals and postprandial hypoglycemia, whereas women in the Protein Group reported greater satiety. This study demonstrates that increasing the proportion of protein to carbohydrate in the diet of adult women has positive effects on body composition, blood lipids, glucose homeostasis and satiety during weight loss.