The genetic status of the violet copper Lycaena helle - a relict of the cold past in times of global warming
The genetic status of the violet copper Lycaena helle - a relict of the cold past in times of global warming
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0587.2008.05766.x
复制
发表时间：
2009-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Habel, Jan Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Finger, Aline;Schmitt, Thomas;Habel, Jan Christian
在过去几十年里，气温上升和农业变化（休耕地的集约化和演替）导致营养贫乏的草原上潮湿和凉爽的地点以及依赖这些栖息地的物种急剧减少。我们以一种高度濒危的蝴蝶Lycaena helle为对象，在局部和区域范围内测试了栖息地退化的影响，这种蝴蝶在后冰期更广泛地分布在中欧，但最近仅限于一些残余物种。我们分析了在10个不同地点取样的220个个体的5个多态微卫星位点。位于德国、卢森堡和比利时的研究地点在地理上分为三个山区：阿登、艾菲尔和韦斯特瓦尔德；后者被莱茵河与其他两个隔开。各地区居群遗传多样性较高，Ardennes、Eifel和Westerwald居群间存在遗传分化（F-CT: 0.084）。种群间的遗传分化（F-ST: 0.137）反映了自然和人为的生境破碎化。虽然持续的基因流动似乎存在于艾菲尔种群中，表明唯一完整的元种群，但阿登地区和韦斯特瓦尔德地区的高度遗传分化表明种群连通性受到破坏。我们在不同空间尺度上获得的遗传数据显示了长期隔离的遗传后果，并应在元种群水平上触发必要的保护措施。
Rising temperatures and agricultural changes (intensification and succession on fallow land) during the last few decades have caused a strong decline of moist and cool sites on nutrient-poor grasslands and species depending on these habitats. We tested the effects of habitat deterioration on a local and regional scale in such a species, the highly endangered butterfly Lycaena helle, which was more widely distributed over central Europe during the postglacial period, but has recently become restricted to some remnants. We analysed five polymorphic microsatellite loci in 220 individuals sampled at ten different localities. The study sites in Germany, Luxembourg and Belgium are geographically split into three mountain regions: the Ardennes, the Eifel and the Westerwald; the latter is separated from the other two by the river Rhine. A comparatively high genetic diversity was detected in all local populations and genetic differentiation was found among the Ardennes, the Eifel and the Westerwald (F-CT: 0.084). The genetic differentiation among all populations (F-ST: 0.137) underlines natural and anthropogenic habitat fragmentation. While ongoing gene flow seems to exist among the Eifel populations indicating the only intact metapopulation, a high genetic differentiation in the Ardennes and the Westerwald indicates a disruption of population connectivity. Our genetic data obtained on different spatial scales show the genetic consequence of long-term isolation and should trigger necessary conservation measures at the metapopulation level.