Aerodynamic and aeroelastic amplification in adaptive belt-rib airfoils
Aerodynamic and aeroelastic amplification in adaptive belt-rib airfoils
复制标题
自适应带肋翼型的空气动力学和气动弹性放大
DOI：
10.1016/j.ast.2004.07.007
复制
发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
S. Anders
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Campanile;S. Anders
变弯度翼型的带肋概念是在德国航空航天中心（DLR）自适应机翼项目（ADIF）的框架内开发的。基于利用分布式结构灵活性的思想-而不是使用铰接机构-以产生所需的大的几何变化，带肋概念实现了一种新的设计理念，用于轻型形状适应性结构，其中明确考虑了大的允许几何变化，高承载能力和低重量的基本要求。在用于激活带肋翼型件的若干选项中，使用多功能材料如压电陶瓷或形状记忆合金是非常有吸引力的一个，特别是作为与结构的固态构造原理（实际上没有可移动部件）一致的解决方案。然而，高性能要求（高致动器工作，特别是在存在高气动载荷的情况下）不太可能由迄今为止可用的多功能材料来满足。一个非常有前途的解决方案包括利用气动和气动弹性放大效应，以减少致动器系统的能量需求。本文根据翼型力学的模态理论，对这种影响进行了研究。由于其模态公式，该理论可应用于装有附加控制面以适应弯度的常规翼型，也可应用于带肋翼型，尽管在设计原理上有本质的不同。气动放大效应通过气动放大系数来描述，该系数是翼型运动学和气动载荷分布的函数。定量结果的情况下，ADIF基准结构，空客A340着陆襟翼。此外，气动弹性放大效应进行了分析和气动弹性放大系数作为一个功能，适当选择的结构和气动运营商。一些最后的评论的作用，这方面的贡献，关系到国家的研究，以及开放的角度，利用所描述的放大效应关闭的文件。
The belt-rib concept for variable-camber airfoils was developed at DLR (German Aerospace Centre) in the framework of the Adaptive Wing project (ADIF). Based on the idea of exploiting distributed structural flexibility – instead of using articulated mechanisms – in order to produce the required large geometry changes, the belt-rib concept implements a new design philosophy for light shape-adaptable structures in which the basic requirements of large allowable geometrical changes, high load-carrying capability and low weight are explicitly taken into account. Among several options for the activation of a belt-rib airfoil, the use of multifunctional materials like piezoceramics or shape memory alloys is a very attractive one, in particular as a consistent solution with the solid-state construction principle (virtual absence of moveable parts) of the structure. However, the high performance requirements (high actuator work, particularly in presence of high aerodynamic loading) are not likely to be met by multifunctional materials which are available to date. A very promising solution consists in exploiting aerodynamic and aeroelastic amplification effects in order to reduce the energy requirements of the actuator system. A study of such effects is presented in this paper, based on a modal theory of the airfoil mechanics. Due to its modal formulation, the theory can be applied to a conventional airfoil equipped with an additional control surface for camber adaptation as well as to a belt-rib airfoil, despite of the essential differences in the design philosophy. Aerodynamic amplification effects are described by means of an aerodynamic amplification factor, which is a function of the airfoil kinematics and of the aerodynamic load distribution. Quantitative results are presented for the case of the ADIF benchmark structure, the AIRBUS A340 landing flap. Further, aeroelastic amplification effects are analysed and an aeroelastic amplification factor is introduced as a function of properly chosen structural and aerodynamic operators. Some final remarks about the role of this contribution in relationship to the state of the research as well as on perspectives opened by the exploitation of the described amplification effects close the paper.