XLF/Cernunnos: An important but puzzling participant in the nonhomologous end joining DNA repair pathway.

XLF/Cernunnos: An important but puzzling participant in the nonhomologous end joining DNA repair pathway.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.dnarep.2017.08.003
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发表时间:
2017-10
期刊:
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Povirk LF
Povirk LF
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Menon V;Povirk LF

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DNA双链断裂(DSBs)是最有害的DNA损伤之一,可促进细胞死亡、基因组不稳定和致癌。修复dsb的两种主要细胞机制是非同源末端连接(NHEJ)和同源重组修复(HRR)。NHEJ是主要的通路,其中XLF(也称为Cernunnos)是关键的参与者。XLF突变患者表现为小头畸形、淋巴细胞减少、生长迟缓、免疫缺陷和放射敏感。在NHEJ过程中,XLF与XRCC4-连接酶IV相互作用,刺激其连接酶活性,形成交替的XLF和XRCC4二聚体的DNA结合丝,可能有助于对齐断裂的DNA并促进非互补末端的连接。尽管XLF在NHEJ中起着核心作用,但在不同的生物学背景和不同的细胞系中,XLF缺乏的影响却惊人地不同。本文综述了XLF在NHEJ中的作用,以及它在支持放射生存和V(D)J重组中与其他修复因子相互作用的意想不到的复杂性。
DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are one of the most deleterious DNA lesions that promote cell death, genomic instability and carcinogenesis. The two major cellular mechanisms that repair DSBs are Nonhomologous End-Joining (NHEJ) and Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR). NHEJ is the predominant pathway, in which XLF (also called Cernunnos) is a key player. Patients with XLF mutation exhibit microcephaly, lymphopenia, and growth retardation, and are immunodeficient and radiosensitive. During NHEJ, XLF interacts with XRCC4-Ligase IV, stimulates its ligase activity, and forms DNA-binding filaments of alternating XLF and XRCC4 dimers that may serve to align broken DNA and promote ligation of noncomplementary ends. Despite its central role in NHEJ, the effects of XLF deficiency are surprisingly variable in different biological contexts, and different individual cell lines. This review summarizes the role of XLF in NHEJ, and the unexpected complexity of its interplay with other repair factors in supporting radiosurvival and V(D)J recombination.
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