STRUCTURE AND INVITRO TRANSCRIPTION OF HUMAN GLOBIN GENES
STRUCTURE AND INVITRO TRANSCRIPTION OF HUMAN GLOBIN GENES
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DOI：
10.1126/science.6158093
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发表时间：
1980-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
MANIATIS, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PROUDFOOT, NJ;SHANDER, MHM;MANIATIS, T
人类血红蛋白的α样和β样亚基由一个小家族的基因编码，这些基因在发育过程中差异表达。通过使用分子克隆程序，该基因家族的每个成员已被分离和广泛的特点。虽然α和β类珠蛋白基因位于不同的染色体上，但两组基因都排列在紧密相连的簇中。在这两个簇中，每个基因都是从相同的DNA链转录的，并且基因按照它们在发育过程中的表达顺序排列。每个簇内紧邻基因的结构比较为进化过程中基因复制和校正的发生提供了证据，并导致了假基因的发现，这些基因已经获得了许多突变，阻止了它们的正常表达。最近，已经开发了用于研究克隆的真核基因的表达的体内和体外系统，作为鉴定正常基因功能所必需的DNA序列的手段。本文介绍了体外转录技术在人类珠蛋白基因表达研究中的应用。
The alpha-like and beta-like subunits of human hemoglobin are encoded by a small family of genes that are differentially expressed during development. Through the use of molecular cloning procedures, each member of this gene family has been isolated and extensively characterized. Although the alpha-like and beta-like globin genes are located on different chromosomes, both sets of genes are arranged in closely linked clusters. In both clusters, each of the genes is transcribed from the same DNA strand, and the genes are arranged in the order of their expressions during development. Structural comparisons of immediately adjacent genes within each cluster have provided evidence for the occurrence of gene duplication and correction during evolution and have led to the discovery of pseudogenes, genes that have acquired numerous mutations that prevent their normal expression. Recently, in vivo and in vitro systems for studying the expression of cloned eukaryotic genes have been developed as a means of identifying DNA sequences that are necessary for normal gene function. This article describes the application of an in vitro transcription procedure to the study of human globin gene expression.