T cell responses during HBV and HCV infections: similar but not quite the same?

T cell responses during HBV and HCV infections: similar but not quite the same?
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coviro.2021.08.011
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发表时间:
2021-12
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学2区
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--
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B型和C型肝炎病毒通过逃避T细胞免疫而持续存在。持久性取决于由于表位突变逃逸和/或功能衰竭而导致的CD 4 + T细胞帮助的过早失败和CD 8 + T细胞控制的丧失。强大的新免疫学和转录组学工具提供了对HBV和HCV导致T细胞沉默机制的深入了解。相似之处是显而易见的,包括常见的抑制性/免疫检查点受体和转录因子的表达失调。也有不同之处。T细胞耗竭在HCV感染中是一致的,但在HBV感染中取决于疾病阶段和/或蛋白质靶点而变化。在这里,我们回顾了最近的进展,定义HBV和HCV的T细胞逃避的相似性和差异,以及抗病毒治疗后逆转的潜力。
The hepatitis B and C viruses persist by evasion of T cell immunity. Persistence depends upon premature failure of CD4+ T cell help and loss of CD8+ T cell control because of epitope mutational escape and/or functional exhaustion. Powerful new immunological and transcriptomic tools provide insight into the mechanisms of T cell silencing by HBV and HCV. Similarities are apparent, including dysregulated expression of common inhibitory/immune checkpoint receptors and transcription factors. There are also differences. T cell exhaustion is uniform in HCV infection, but varies in HBV infection depending on disease stage and/or protein target. Here, we review recent advances defining similarities and differences in T cell evasion by HBV and HCV, and the potential for reversal following antiviral therapy.
黑猩猩使用无干扰素抗病毒疗法治愈慢性丙型肝炎后的 T 细胞免疫和丙型肝炎病毒再感染。
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