Phononic Frequency Combs in Atomically Thin Nanoelectromechanical Resonators Via 1:1 and 2:1 Internal Resonances
Phononic Frequency Combs in Atomically Thin Nanoelectromechanical Resonators Via 1:1 and 2:1 Internal Resonances
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DOI：
10.1109/jmems.2023.3282233
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发表时间：
2023-08
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
S. Yousuf;Jaesung Lee;S. Shaw;P. Feng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Yousuf;Jaesung Lee;S. Shaw;P. Feng
报道了在高频(HF)和甚高频(VHF)频段振动近20 MHz和~50 MHz的原子薄二硫化钼(MoS_2)纳米机电系统中产生声子频率梳(PnFC)的首次实验结果。频率梳图案是通过调整两个谐振模式与门电压($V{\mathm{g})来满足1：1和2：1内共振条件而产生的。在1：1内共振条件下，我们驱动四层(4L)MoS_2 NEMS谐振器的两个模在非线性区域发生反交叉，在这两个耦合模之间发生有效的非线性能量转移。频率梳特性可以通过改变射频驱动电压($v_{\mathm{drv})$和$V_{\mathm{g}}$来调节。我们发现PnFC产生的阈值为$v_{\mathm{drv}}=550$mV和$V_{\mathm{g}=-6.4\text{V}$，梳齿间距($f_{\mathm{r}})$约为2.44~2.65 MHz。在2：1内共振条件下，以基模($f_{1})的两倍频率泵浦单层(1L)MoS_2 NEMS谐振器，实现了$f_{1}$与$2f_{1}$之间的模式耦合，并产生了可调的PnFC。在泵浦电压$v=60$mV，泵浦频率$f{\mathm{p}}=48$MHz的条件下，我们观察到PnFC的频率为$f{\mathm{r}}\sim 45$kHz，可以通过改变$v{\mathm{p}}和$f_{\mathm{p}}$来调谐。在1LMoS2NEMS腔中，我们还展示了极强的参量放大和光谱线宽压缩效应，在v=153$mV时，获得了高达~10,000(80分贝)的参量增益和~5000的光谱线宽压缩因子。所展示的PNFC以及本文的研究结果将对提高谐振传感器的灵敏度等应用具有重要价值。[2023-0017]
We report on the first experimental demonstrations of phononic frequency comb (PnFC) generation in atomically thin molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) vibrating near ~20MHz and ~50MHz in the high frequency (HF) and very high frequency (VHF) bands. Frequency comb patterns are generated by tuning two resonance modes with gate voltage ( $V_{\mathrm {g}})$ to satisfy 1:1 and 2:1 internal resonance conditions. In the 1:1 internal resonance condition, we drive the two modes of a four-layer (4L) MoS2 NEMS resonator at an anti-crossing in the nonlinear regime, where efficient nonlinear energy transfer occurs between the two coupled modes. The frequency comb characteristics are tunable by varying the RF driving voltage ( $v_{\mathrm {drv}})$ and $V_{\mathrm {g}}$ . We find a threshold of PnFC generation at $v_{\mathrm {drv}}=550$ mV and $V_{\mathrm {g}}=-6.4\text{V}$ with relatively wide comb teeth spacing ( $f_{\mathrm {r}})$ around 2.44 to 2.65MHz. In the 2:1 internal resonance condition, pumping a single-layer (1L) MoS2 NEMS resonator at a frequency twice that of the fundamental mode ( $f_{1})$ enables mode coupling between $f_{1}$ and the mode near $2f_{1}$ , and generates PnFC with tunable $f_{\mathrm {r}}$ . At $V_{\mathrm {g}}=10\text{V}$ , pump voltage $v_{\mathrm {p}}=60$ mV, and pump frequency $f_{\mathrm {p}}=48$ MHz, we observe PnFC with $f_{\mathrm {r}}\sim 45$ kHz, which can be tuned by varying $v_{\mathrm {p}}$ and $f_{\mathrm {p}}$ . We also demonstrate extraordinarily strong parametric amplification and spectral linewidth narrowing effects in 1L MoS2 NEMS resonator and achieve parametric gain as high as ~10,000 (80dB) and spectral linewidth narrowing factor of ~5000 with $v_{\mathrm {p}}=153$ mV. The PnFCs demonstrated and the findings herein will be valuable for applications such as improving the sensitivity of resonant sensors. [2023-0017]