Listening to Raindrops from Underwater: An Acoustic Disdrometer
Listening to Raindrops from Underwater: An Acoustic Disdrometer
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DOI：
10.1175/1520-0426(2001)018
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发表时间：
2001-10
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
J. Nystuen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Nystuen
摘要不同大小的雨滴在水下溅落在水面上产生的声音是有区别的，可以用来测量雨滴的大小分布。五个声学显着的雨滴大小进行了描述。反演的水声测量雨滴尺寸分布在雨中的描述和演示。反演的局限性包括与最大液滴（直径超过3.5 mm）的相对响度、中等液滴（直径1.2-2.0 mm）的相对安静以及风的影响抑制来自另外非常响亮的小液滴（直径0.8-1.2 mm）的信号有关的问题。各种措施的降雨量，包括降雨率，等效雷达反射率，中值下降的大小，和其他综合时刻的下降的大小分布声学测量，并用于研究降雨的研究问题。等效反射率与降雨率的关系，即Z-R图，从声学上划分了等效反射率与降雨率的关系。
Abstract Different sized raindrops splashing on a water surface produce sound underwater that is distinctive and can be used to measure the drop size distribution in the rain. Five acoustically significant raindrop sizes are described. An inversion of the underwater sound to measure the drop size distribution in the rain is described and demonstrated. Limitations to the inversion include problems associated with the relative loudness of the largest drops (diameter over 3.5 mm), the relative quietness of the medium drops (diameter 1.2–2.0 mm), and the influence of wind to suppress the signal from the otherwise remarkably loud small drops (diameter 0.8–1.2 mm). Various measures of rainfall, including rainfall rate, equivalent radar reflectivity, median drop size, and other integrated moments of the drop size distribution are measured acoustically and used to examine rainfall research issues. The relationship between equivalent reflectivity and rainfall rate, the Z–R diagram, is partitioned acoustically show...