An example of host plant expansion of host-specialized Aphis gossypii Glover in the field.
An example of host plant expansion of host-specialized Aphis gossypii Glover in the field.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0177981
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Zhang X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu DW;Zhang S;Luo JY;Lü LM;Cui JJ;Zhang X
棉蚜（Aphis gossypii，格洛弗）的寄主植物扩展现象在实验室中已得到广泛的研究，但在田间对这一现象的认识却很少。在这里，我们提供了一系列的实验室和田间实验，以评估西葫芦在棉花专业蚜虫的寄主植物扩张的作用。我们观察到，棉花专门蚜虫具有扩展到新的寄主植物（黄瓜）的能力，6月12日首次记录的个人，因此在田间笼中的数量呈指数增长。生物测定表明，棉花和黄瓜上的蚜虫都喜欢它们的纳塔尔寄主，但西葫芦无性系对黄瓜的偏好性比棉花和西葫芦强。从棉田（棉花和葫芦科植物混合地块）、棉田（棉花单独种植）和田间笼中收集了1512个个体，并对其进行测序以确定其生物型。对棉田无翅型个体的研究结果表明，黄瓜上出现的葫芦科专化型较多，棉花和西葫芦上出现的棉花专化型较多。大部分（> 97.0%）田间笼和棉田蚜虫是棉花专化型个体。因此，消灭中间寄主植物可能是抑制A.棉花和黄瓜经常在田间和温室里一起种植。
The host plant expansion of host-specialized Aphis gossypii (Glover) has been well studied in the laboratory; however, this phenomenon is poorly understood in the field. Here, we provide a series of laboratory and field experiments to assess the role of zucchini in the host plant expansion of cotton-specialized aphids. We observed that cotton-specialized aphids possessed the ability to expand on a new host plant (cucumber), with individuals first recorded on June 12 and consequently increasing exponentially in number in a field cage. A bioassay experiment showed that aphids from both cotton and cucumber preferred their natal host, but clones from zucchini have a stronger preference for cucumber than cotton or zucchini. A total of 1512 individuals were collected from a cotton field (mixed cotton and cucurbit plot), cotton farmland (cotton alone) and a field cage and sequenced to identify their biotypes. The results for apterous individuals from the cotton field showed that more cucurbit-specialized biotypes occurred on cucumber and more cotton-specialized biotypes occurred on cotton and zucchini. A majority (> 97.0%) of aphids from both the field cage and cotton farmland were cotton-specialized individuals. Consequently, eliminating intermediate host plants may be an effective measure to suppress A. gossypii outbreaks, because cotton and cucumber are often grown together in fields and greenhouses.