Reconstructing ancestral reaction norms : an example using the evolution of reptilian viviparity
Reconstructing ancestral reaction norms : an example using the evolution of reptilian viviparity
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DOI：
10.2307/2390503
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发表时间：
1996-12
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
C. Qualls;R. Shine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Qualls;R. Shine
1.人们越来越多地接受这样的观点，即对适应假说的检验应该考虑所涉及的性状的表型可塑性的重要性，并明确纳入所讨论的生物体的遗传学。2.但是，很难将这两个概念联合收割机结合起来。对于许多重大生活史转变的情况，表现出中间性格状态的过渡形式不再存在，因此无法直接测量他们的反应规范。尽管如此，间接的测试可以通过使用现存的分类群在任何一边的有关过渡。3.本文提供了这样一个测试的一个例子，繁殖双峰蜥蜴种（Lerista bougainvillii，灰色1839），以推断表型反应孵化温度之间的卵生和胎生之间的假定中间形式。4.凭借这种紧密的分类重点和平行的实验操作现存的类群，预测替代adaptationist假说的选择力负责这种进化的转变，从孵化在巢中孵化在子宫内，进行测试。5.通过研究后代表型的反应，在现存的卵生和胎生形式的孵化条件的实验操作，有可能“重建”那些现在灭绝的过渡形式。6.在这里获得的表型塑料反应的数据表明，从卵生到胎生的系统发育转变会引起孵化时间的变化，以及在孵化的形态和行为，在过渡形式。
1. There is increasing acceptance of the ideas that tests of adaptationist hypotheses should consider the importance of phenotypic plasticity for the traits involved, and explicitly incorporate the phylogeny of the organisms in question. 2. However, it is difficult to combine these two concepts. For many cases of major life-history shifts, transitional forms displaying intermediate character states no longer exist, and thus their reaction norms cannot be measured directly. None the less, indirect tests may be done by using extant taxa on either side of the relevant transition. 3. This paper provides an example of such a test on a reproductively bimodal lizard species (Lerista bougainvillii, Gray 1839) to infer phenotypic responses to incubation temperature in the putative intermediate form between oviparity and viviparity. 4. By virtue of this tight taxonomic focus and parallel experimental manipulations of extant taxa, predictions of alternative adaptationist hypotheses on the selective forces responsible for this evolutionary transition, from incubation in the nest to incubation in utero, are tested. 5. By examining the responses of offspring phenotypes to experimental manipulation of incubation conditions in the extant oviparous and viviparous forms, it was possible to 'reconstruct' those of the now extinct transitional form. 6. The data on phenotypically plastic responses obtained here suggest that the phylogenetic shift from oviparity to viviparity would have induced changes in hatching times, as well as in hatchling morphology and behaviour, in the transitional form.