Quantifying the impact of environmental factors on arthropod communities in agricultural landscapes across organizational levels and spatial scales
Quantifying the impact of environmental factors on arthropod communities in agricultural landscapes across organizational levels and spatial scales
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2664.2005.01085.x
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发表时间：
2005-12
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
O. Schweiger;J. Maelfait;W. V. Wingerden;F. Hendrickx;Regula Billeter;M. Speelmans;I. Augenstein;
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
O. Schweiger;J. Maelfait;W. V. Wingerden;F. Hendrickx;Regula Billeter;M. Speelmans;I. Augenstein;
1.在受密集农业等人类活动影响的地貌中，了解环境因素在一系列空间尺度上对当地社区的组成和功能的相对重要性和相互作用，对于维持生物多样性十分重要。2.我们分析了五个节肢动物类群涵盖了广泛的功能方面（野蜂，真正的错误，步甲甲虫，hoverflies和蜘蛛）在24个景观（4 × 4公里）在7个欧洲国家沿着梯度的土地利用强度和景观结构。物种与环境的关系进行了研究，在一个分层设计的四个主要集的环境因素（国家，土地利用强度，景观结构，当地的栖息地特性），覆盖三个空间尺度（区域，景观，当地）的分层变异分区使用部分典型对应分析。3.局部群落组成、个体大小级和营养功能团的分布受区域过程的影响最大，景观和局部因子之间存在高度的混淆。校正区域效应后，景观尺度的因素占主导地位，当地的栖息地因素。土地利用强度解释了物种数据中的大部分变异，而景观特征（特别是连通性）解释了身体大小和营养行会中的大部分变异。4.合成与应用。我们的研究结果表明，管理工作应集中在土地利用强度和栖息地的连接，以提高农业景观的多样性。由于这些因素在很大程度上是相互独立的，因此可以根据社会经济和农业环境要求制定具体的保护方案。这两个因素中的任何一个的变化都会增加多样性，但也会对当地社区的物种扩散能力和资源利用产生具体影响。
1. In landscapes influenced by anthropogenic activities, such as intensive agriculture, knowledge of the relative importance and interaction of environmental factors on the composition and function of local communities across a range of spatial scales is important for maintaining biodiversity. 2. We analysed five arthropod taxa covering a broad range of functional aspects (wild bees, true bugs, carabid beetles, hoverflies and spiders) in 24 landscapes (4 x 4 km) across seven European countries along gradients of both land-use intensity and landscape structure. Species-environment relationships were examined in a hierarchical design of four main sets of environmental factors (country, land-use intensity, landscape structure, local habitat properties) that covered three spatial scales (region, landscape, local) by means of hierarchical variability partitioning using partial canonical correspondence analyses. 3. Local community composition and the distribution of body size classes and trophic guilds were most affected by regional processes, which highly confounded landscape and local factors. After correcting for regional effects, factors at the landscape scale dominated over local habitat factors. Land-use intensity explained most of the variability in species data, whereas landscape characteristics (especially connectivity) accounted for most of the variability in body size and trophic guilds. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our results suggest that management effort should be focused on land-use intensity and habitat connectivity in order to enhance diversity in agricultural landscapes. Since these factors are largely independent, specific conservation programmes may be developed with regards to socio-economic and agri-environmental requirements. Changes in either of these factors will enhance diversity but will also result in specific effects on local communities related to dispersal ability and the resource use of species.