Anesthetic Influences on Regional Hemodynamics in Normal and Hemorrhaged Rats
Anesthetic Influences on Regional Hemodynamics in Normal and Hemorrhaged Rats
复制标题
麻醉对正常和出血大鼠局部血流动力学的影响
DOI：
10.1097/00000542-198412000-00010
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
D. Longnecker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Seyde;D. Longnecker
46只雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠被分为五组：清醒的动物和接受氯胺酮、氟烷、安氟醚或异氟醚麻醉的动物。将套管置入左股动脉、左静脉及左心室。调整挥发性麻醉药的激发浓度以达到每种药物的最小肺泡浓度（MAC）。经腹腔注射氯胺酮125 mg·kg−1，然后以1 mg·kg−1·min−1的速率输注。实验过程中，所有动物均自发呼吸（Flo2 = 0.3）。经过2小时的稳定期后，估计血容量的30%在10分钟内逐渐减少。出血前和出血后20min分别用微球法（85Sr和141ce标记的15 μm微球）测定心排血量和局部血流量。在这些时间也分析了动脉血样本的Po2， Pco2, pH，乳酸和丙酮酸。出血前，清醒大鼠的心输出量（CO）值与接受氯胺酮或异氟烷治疗的大鼠相似，但安氟烷能适度降低CO，氟烷能更大程度地降低CO。出血后，醒着的大鼠和接受异氟醚治疗的大鼠CO最大，醒着的大鼠器官血流量最大。清醒时乳酸/丙酮酸和过量乳酸值最低。综上所述，在心输出量和局部血流量方面，氯胺酮最接近等容血动物的清醒状态，而异氟醚麻醉最接近出血后的清醒状态。
Forty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided in five groups: awake animals and those receiving ketamine, halothane, enflurane, or isoflurane anesthesia. Cannulae were inserted into the left femoral artery and vein and the left ventricle. Inspired concentrations of the volatile anesthetics were adjusted to achieve the minimal alveolar concentration (MAC) of each drug. Ketamine, 125 mg·kg−1, was injected intraperitoneally and then infused at a rate of 1 mg·kg−1·min−1. All animals breathed spontaneously throughout the experiment (Flo2 = 0.3). Following a 2-h stabilization period, 30% of estimated blood volume was withdrawn gradually over 10 min. Immediately before and 20 min after hemorrhage, cardiac output and regional blood flows were measured by the microsphere method (85Sr, 141Ce-labeled 15-μm microspheres, respectively). Arterial blood samples were analyzed for Po2, Pco2, pH, lactate, and pyruvate at these times also. Prior to hemorrhage, cardiac output (CO) values were similar in awake rats and those receiving ketamine or isoflurane, but CO was reduced moderately by enflurane and to a greater extent by halothane. After hemorrhage, CO was greatest in awake animals and those receiving isoflurane, and awake rats tended to have the greatest organ blood flows. Values of lactate/pyruvate and excess lactate were least in awake animals. Overall results suggested that, in terms of cardiac output and regional blood flows, ketamine approximates the awake state most closely in normovolemic animals, whereas isoflurane anesthesia is most like the awake condition after hemorrhage.