The politics of renewable energy policies: The case of feed-in tariffs in Ontario, Canada
The politics of renewable energy policies: The case of feed-in tariffs in Ontario, Canada
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DOI：
10.1016/j.enpol.2013.01.009
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
Stokes, Leah C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stokes, Leah C.
可再生能源政策的设计和实施涉及政治决策和行动者。然而，大多数关于可再生能源政策的研究都是从经济或技术角度比较评估工具的。本文以安大略省1997年至2012年间的上网电价政策为例，分析了政治过程如何影响可再生能源政策的设计和实施。安大略省的政策虽然最初很成功，但随着时间的推移，它遇到了越来越多的阻力。该案例揭示了在执行过程中出现的关键政治紧张局势。首先，高层对一项政策的支持并不一定转化为广泛的公众支持，特别是在地方部署方面。其次，政府在定价过程中往往在信息不对称的情况下挣扎，这可能会因为更高的成本而削弱政策在公众中的合法性。第三，存在一种未被承认的紧张关系，即政府必须在政策稳定（刺激投资）和适应性政策制定（改善政策设计）之间找到方向。第四，当多个司法管辖区同时推行相同的政策时，可能会发生关于就业和创新的国际政治冲突。这些实施紧张源于政策设计期间的政治选择，并对电力系统转型提出了未被充分认识的挑战。政府需要严格认识到可再生能源政策的政治层面，以确保持续的政治支持。(C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Designing and implementing a renewable energy policy involves political decisions and actors. Yet most research on renewable energy policies comparatively evaluates instruments from an economic or technical perspective. This paper presents a case study of Ontario's feed-in tariff policies between 1997 and 2012 to analyze how the political process affects renewable energy policy design and implementation. Ontario's policy, although initially successful, has met with increasing resistance over time. The case reveals key political tensions that arise during implementation. First, high-level support for a policy does not necessarily translate into widespread public support, particularly for local deployment. Second, the government often struggles under asymmetric information during price setting, which may weaken the policy's legitimacy with the public due to higher costs. Third, there is an unacknowledged tension that governments must navigate between policy stability, to spur investment, and adaptive policymaking, to improve policy design. Fourth, when multiple jurisdictions pursue the same policies simultaneously, international political conflict over jobs and innovation may occur. These implementation tensions result from political choices during policy design and present underappreciated challenges to transforming the electricity system. Governments need to critically recognize the political dimension of renewable energy policies to secure sustained political support. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.