Impact of Shock Front Rippling and Self-reformation on the Electron Dynamics at Low-Mach-number Shocks

Impact of Shock Front Rippling and Self-reformation on the Electron Dynamics at Low-Mach-number Shocks
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激波前沿波纹和自重整对低马赫数激波下电子动力学的影响

DOI:
10.3847/1538-4357/aab714
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发表时间:
2018-04
影响因子:
4.9
通讯作者:
Rui Wang
Rui Wang
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhongwei Yang;Quanming Lu;Ying D. Liu;Rui Wang

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采用二维电磁粒子模拟方法研究了不同激波法线角下低马赫数无碰撞激波中的电子动力学。我们发现:(1)在冲击波阵面处反射的离子和入射的电子是产生准静电波的有效机制。入射电子的一小部分可以有效地捕获和加速在冲击脚的前缘。(2)在准垂直冲击下,由于冲击波沿冲击面沿着波动,电子俘获和反射是不均匀的,并且更可能发生在伴随着强反射离子束的某些位置。电子俘获过程是由离子动力学控制的激波阵面的自重组过程,随时间的推移呈现出周期性的演化。因此,这是一种跨尺度耦合现象。(3)在准平行冲击下,反射离子可以远溯上游。因此,准静电波可以激发在激波过渡和前震区。电子轨迹分析表明,这些波可以在脚部区域捕获电子,并将其中一小部分反射回上游。本文的模拟运行表明,冲击脚处的微湍流可以提供产生反射电子束的可能情况,这是日冕物质抛射(CME)驱动的低马赫数行星际冲击中II型射电爆发发射的基本条件。
Electron dynamics at low-Mach-number collisionless shocks are investigated by using two-dimensional electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulations with various shock normal angles. We found: (1) The reflected ions and incident electrons at the shock front provide an effective mechanism for the quasi-electrostatic wave generation due to the charge-separation. A fraction of incident electrons can be effectively trapped and accelerated at the leading edge of the shock foot. (2) At quasi-perpendicular shocks, the electron trapping and reflection is nonuniform due to the shock rippling along the shock surface and is more likely to take place at some locations accompanied by intense reflected ion-beams. The electron trapping process has a periodical evolution over time due to the shock front self-reformation, which is controlled by ion dynamics. Thus, this is a cross-scale coupling phenomenon. (3) At quasi-parallel shocks, reflected ions can travel far back upstream. Consequently, quasi-electrostatic waves can be excited in the shock transition and the foreshock region. The electron trajectory analysis shows these waves can trap electrons at the foot region and reflect a fraction of them far back upstream. Simulation runs in this paper indicate that the micro-turbulence at the shock foot can provide a possible scenario for producing the reflected electron beam, which is a basic condition for the type II radio burst emission at low-Mach-number interplanetary shocks driven by Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs).
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