Comparative neuroprotective effects of cyclosporin A and NIM811, a nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin A analog, following traumatic brain injury.

Comparative neuroprotective effects of cyclosporin A and NIM811, a nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin A analog, following traumatic brain injury.
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DOI:
10.1038/jcbfm.2008.93
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发表时间:
2009-01
期刊:
Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
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其他
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早期的实验表明,环孢菌素A(CsA)和它的非钙调磷酸酶抑制类似物NIM 811减轻实验性创伤性脑损伤(TBI)后的线粒体功能障碍。目前,我们比较了先前确定的线粒体保护剂量的CsA(20 mg/kg腹腔内)和NIM 811(10 mg/kg腹腔内)在损伤后15分钟给药时在预防小鼠严重(1.0 mm)受控皮质撞击(CCI)TBI后细胞骨架(α-血影蛋白)降解、神经变性和神经功能障碍方面的神经保护作用。在第一组实验中,我们分析了钙蛋白酶介导的α-血影蛋白在损伤后24小时的蛋白水解。NIM 811和CsA均显著减弱了在溶剂处理的动物中观察到的增加的α-血影蛋白分解产物(P < 0.005)。在第二组实验中,在损伤后15分钟和24小时再次用NIM 811或CsA治疗动物,在48小时和7天减轻了运动功能损伤(P < 0.005),在损伤后7天减轻了神经变性(P < 0.0001)。延迟施用NIM 811至12小时仍然能够显著降低α-血影蛋白降解。这些结果表明,CsA的神经保护机制涉及维持线粒体的完整性,并且钙调磷酸酶抑制作用很小或没有作用,因为非钙调磷酸酶抑制类似物NIM 811与CsA一样有效。
Earlier experiments have shown that cyclosporin A (CsA) and its non-calcineurin inhibitory analog NIM811 attenuate mitochondrial dysfunction after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). Presently, we compared the neuroprotective effects of previously determined mitochondrial protective doses of CsA (20 mg/kg intraperitoneally) and NIM811 (10 mg/kg intraperitoneally) when administered at 15 mins postinjury in preventing cytoskeletal (α-spectrin) degradation, neurodegeneration, and neurological dysfunction after severe (1.0 mm) controlled cortical impact (CCI) TBI in mice. In a first set of experiments, we analyzed calpain-mediated α-spectrin proteolysis at 24 h postinjury. Both NIM811 and CsA significantly attenuated the increased α-spectrin breakdown products observed in vehicle-treated animals (P < 0.005). In a second set of experiments, treatment of animals with either NIM811 or CsA at 15 mins and again at 24 h postinjury attenuated motor function impairment at 48 h and 7 days (P < 0.005) and neurodegeneration at 7 days postinjury (P < 0.0001). Delayed administration of NIM811 out to 12 h was still able to significantly reduce α-spectrin degradation. These results show that the neuroprotective mechanism of CsA involves maintenance of mitochondrial integrity and that calcineurin inhibition plays little or no role because the non-calcineurin inhibitory analog, NIM811, is as effective as CsA.
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