From sample average treatment effect to population average treatment effect on the treated: combining experimental with observational studies to estimate population treatment effects
From sample average treatment effect to population average treatment effect on the treated: combining experimental with observational studies to estimate population treatment effects
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DOI：
10.1111/rssa.12094
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Sekhon, Jasjeet S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hartman, Erin;Grieve, Richard;Sekhon, Jasjeet S.
随机对照试验（RCTs）可以提供样本平均治疗效果的无偏估计。然而，一个普遍的担忧是，随机对照试验可能无法提供人群平均治疗效果的无偏估计。我们从随机对照试验中得出了确定人群平均治疗效果所需的假设。我们提供安慰剂测试，它正式遵循识别假设，并可以评估它们是否成立。我们提供了新的研究设计来估计群体效应，使用非随机研究来调整RCT数据。这种方法被认为是临床干预的成本-效果分析：肺动脉导管置入。
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) can provide unbiased estimates of sample average treatment effects. However, a common concern is that RCTs may fail to provide unbiased estimates of population average treatment effects. We derive the assumptions that are required to identify population average treatment effects from RCTs. We provide placebo tests, which formally follow from the identifying assumptions and can assess whether they hold. We offer new research designs for estimating population effects that use non-randomized studies to adjust the RCT data. This approach is considered in a cost-effectiveness analysis of a clinical intervention: pulmonary artery catheterization.