Bed bugs, Cimex lectularius L., exhibiting metabolic and target site deltamethrin resistance are susceptible to plant essential oils
Bed bugs, Cimex lectularius L., exhibiting metabolic and target site deltamethrin resistance are susceptible to plant essential oils
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104667
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发表时间：
2020-10-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Gondhalekar, Ameya D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gaire, Sudip;Lewis, Cari D.;Gondhalekar, Ameya D.
拟除虫菊酯抗性一直是限制臭虫（Cimex lectularius L.）有效控制的主要障碍。已经提出了包括使用植物精油（EO）的替代方法来有效管理臭虫。然而，以前没有进行过拟除虫菊酯敏感和抗性臭虫种群之间的EO抗性水平比较。本研究的目的有两个：（i）确定田间采集的诺克斯维尔菌株中的溴氰菊酯抗性水平和相关抗性机制，以及（ii）量化诺克斯维尔菌株对5种EO（百里香、牛至、牛至、香叶和芫荽）、其主要杀虫成分（百里酚、香芹酚、丁香酚、香叶醇和芳樟醇）和基于EO的产品（EcoRaider（R））的抗性水平。首先，我们发现在LD 25和LD 50致死剂量水平下，与敏感哈兰品系相比，诺克斯维尔品系对局部施用溴氰菊酯的抗性分别高72，893和291，626倍。增效剂生物测定和解毒酶测定表明，抗性诺克斯维尔菌株的细胞色素P450和酯酶活性显着较高。此外，桑格测序揭示了电压敏感性钠通道α亚基基因中存在L925 I突变。然而，在局部生物测定中，同时具有酶抗性和靶位点溴氰菊酯抗性的诺克斯维尔菌株未显示出对EO、其主要杀虫成分和EcoRaider（R）的任何抗性（抗性比类似于1）。总之，这项研究表明，溴氰菊酯耐药菌株的臭虫是敏感的EO及其杀虫成分。
Pyrethroid resistance has been a major hurdle limiting the effective control of bed bugs (Cimex lectularius L.). Alternative approaches that include the use of plant essential oils (EOs) have been proposed for effective management of bed bugs. However, EO resistance level comparisons between pyrethroid susceptible and resistant bed bug populations have not been previously conducted. The goal of this study was twofold: (i) determine deltamethrin resistance levels and associated resistance mechanisms in the field-collected Knoxville strain and (ii) quantify resistance levels of the Knoxville strain to five EOs (thyme, oregano, clove, geranium and coriander), their major insecticidal constituents (thymol, carvacrol, eugenol, geraniol and linalool) and an EO-based product (EcoRaider (R)). First, we found that the Knoxville strain was 72,893 and 291,626 fold more resistant to topically applied deltamethrin in comparison to the susceptible Harlan strain at the LD25 and LD50 lethal dose levels, respectively. Synergist bioassays and detoxification enzyme assays revealed significantly higher activity of cytochrome P450 and esterase enzymes in the resistant Knoxville strain. Further, Sanger sequencing revealed the presence of the L925I mutation in the voltage-sensitive sodium channel alpha subunit gene. The Knoxville strain that possesses both enzymatic and target site deltamethrin resistance, however, did not show any resistance to EOs, their major insecticidal constituents and EcoRaider (R) in topical bioassays (resistance ratio of similar to 1). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that a deltamethrin-resistant strain of bed bugs is susceptible to EOs and their insecticidal constituents.