STABILITY OF AFRICAN PASTORAL ECOSYSTEMS - ALTERNATE PARADIGMS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT
STABILITY OF AFRICAN PASTORAL ECOSYSTEMS - ALTERNATE PARADIGMS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT
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DOI：
10.2307/3899515
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发表时间：
1988-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
SWIFT, DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ELLIS, JE;SWIFT, DM
对非洲牧区生态系统进行了研究，假设这些生态系统是潜在的稳定(平衡)系统，这些系统因过度放牧和过度放牧而变得不稳定。这些地区的发展政策侧重于系统结构的内部变化，目标是恢复平衡和提高生产率。在肯尼亚北部进行了九年的生态系统层面的研究，提出了一种非平衡但持续的田园生态系统的观点，系统动态更多地受到非生物控制的影响，而不是生物控制。未能认识到这些动态的发展实践可能会导致更多的剥夺和失败。发展政策可能会更好地支持牧区生态系统，这些政策建立在传统牧区战略的基础上并为其提供便利，而不是限制这些战略。
African pastoral ecosystems have been studied with the assumptions that these ecosystems are potentially stable (equilibrial) systems which become destabilized by overstocking and overgrazing. Development policy in these regions has focused on internal alterations of system structure, with the goals of restoring equilibrium and increasing productivity. Nine years of ecosystem-level research in northern Kenya presents a view of pastoral ecosystems that are non-equilibrial but persistent, with system dynamics affected more by abiotic than biotic controls. Development practices that fail to recognize these dynamics may result in increased deprivation and failure. Pastoral ecosystems may be better supported by development policies that build on and facilitate the traditional pastoral strategies rather than constrain them.