Sulfamethoxazole induced systematic and tissue-specific antioxidant defense in marine mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis): Implication of antibiotic's ecotoxicity
Sulfamethoxazole induced systematic and tissue-specific antioxidant defense in marine mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis): Implication of antibiotic's ecotoxicity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130634
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发表时间：
2021-04-24
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Di，Yanan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen，Siyu;Shen，Zeyue;Di，Yanan
磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）是公认的新兴污染物，在水环境中被频繁检测到。然而，SMX对海洋贻贝（Mytilus galloprovincialis）等非靶水生生物的影响及其作用机制在很大程度上仍是未知的。本研究将SMX（0.5、50和500 μg/L）分别暴露于贻贝体内6 d，然后净化6 d，观察其在鳃和消化腺两个重要组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽- s -转移酶（GST）等抗氧化防御功能的转录、翻译和功能反应。结果表明，在实验条件下，SMX能在贻贝体内积累，但生物积累能力较低。在SMX暴露后，不同水平的系统性但不完全同步的抗氧化防御。这种转录变化更为敏感，有可能作为SMX诱导的生态毒性的早期预警。抗氧化酶与代谢相关基因（gst）特异性改变的互补作用表明，进一步的研究应同时关注SMX代谢和SMX诱导效应。研究发现，鳃具有明显的组织特异性抗氧化反应，其反应能力比消化腺更早、更快，这与功能多样性和不同的外源容许阈值密切相关。
Sulfamethoxazole (SMX), recognized as emerging pollutant, has been frequently detected in aquatic environment. However, effects induced by SMX and the underneath mechanism on non-target aquatic organisms, marine mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis), are still largely unknown. In present study, marine mussels were exposed to SMX (nominal concentrations 0.5, 50 and 500 μg/L) for 6 days, followed by 6 days depuration and responses of antioxidant defenses, e.g. superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), etc., at transcriptional, translational and functional levels were evaluated in two vital tissues, gills and digestive glands. Results showed SMX can be accumulated in mussels while the bio-accumulative ability was low under the experimental condition. A systemic but not completely synchronous antioxidant defense at different levels upon SMX exposure. The transcriptional alteration was more sensitive and had the potential to be used as early warning of SMX induced ecotoxicity. Complementary function of antioxidant enzymes with specific alteration of metabolism related gene (gst) suggested that further researches should focused on SMX metabolism and SMX induced effects simultaneously. Significant tissue-specific antioxidant responses were discovered and gills showed earlier and quicker reacting ability than digestive glands, which was closely related to the functional diversity and different thresholds of xenobiotics allowance.