The regulation of host defences to infection by the microbiota.
The regulation of host defences to infection by the microbiota.
复制标题
宿主防御对微生物群感染的调节。
DOI：
10.1111/imm.12634
复制
发表时间：
2017-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Clarke TB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown RL;Clarke TB
人类和其他哺乳动物的皮肤和粘膜上皮细胞永久地被大型微生物群落（微生物群）定殖。由于与微生物群的这种终身关联，这些微生物对其宿主生物体的生理学具有广泛的影响。现在越来越明显的是，几乎所有的组织和器官系统，无论是与微生物群直接接触还是在更深的宿主部位，都受到微生物的影响。免疫系统可能受到最深刻的影响，微生物群编程其先天和适应性武器。微生物群对免疫力的调节有助于保护宿主免受多种病原体的肠道和肠外感染。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论支持微生物群在调节宿主对肠外感染的防御中发挥作用的实验证据，汇集共同的机制主题，包括模式识别受体的中心作用，并概述需要回答的突出问题。
The skin and mucosal epithelia of humans and other mammals are permanently colonized by large microbial communities (the microbiota). Due to this life‐long association with the microbiota, these microbes have an extensive influence over the physiology of their host organism. It is now becoming apparent that nearly all tissues and organ systems, whether in direct contact with the microbiota or in deeper host sites, are under microbial influence. The immune system is perhaps the most profoundly affected, with the microbiota programming both its innate and adaptive arms. The regulation of immunity by the microbiota helps to protect the host against intestinal and extra‐intestinal infection by many classes of pathogen. In this review, we will discuss the experimental evidence supporting a role for the microbiota in regulating host defences to extra‐intestinal infection, draw together common mechanistic themes, including the central role of pattern recognition receptors, and outline outstanding questions that need to be answered.