Three urocortins in medaka: identification and spatial expression in the central nervous system
Three urocortins in medaka: identification and spatial expression in the central nervous system
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DOI：
10.1111/jne.12472
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Okubo, K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hosono, K.;Yamashita, J.;Okubo, K.
尿皮质素（UCN）组的神经肽包括尿皮质素1/sauvagine/尾加压素1（UTS 1）、尿皮质素2（UCN 2）和尿皮质素3（UCN 3）。近年来，越来越多的证据表明UCN在哺乳动物的应激反应和焦虑中起着关键作用。也有证据表明脊椎动物中的UCN进化保守，但关于非哺乳类脊椎动物中的UCN的信息很少。事实上，目前，还没有经验鉴定的ucn 2在非哺乳类脊椎动物或分布的ucn 2和ucn 3表达在成年中枢神经系统（CNS）的这些动物。为了深入了解脊椎动物UCN的进化性质，我们克隆了uts 1，ucn 2和ucn 3在硬骨鱼，青，并检查这些基因在成年大脑和脊髓的空间表达。尽管所有已知的UCN 2基因（除了啮齿动物中的那些）都被报道可能缺乏产生功能性前原蛋白的必要结构特征，但青鳉中的所有三个UCN基因（包括ucn 2）都显示了所有这些特征，表明它们的功能。这三个UCN基因表现出不同的空间表达模式青鳉大脑：UTS 1主要表达在广泛的背侧端脑区域，ucn 2表达在丘脑和脑干的限制区域和ucn 3表达在离散的核在整个大脑的许多地区。我们还发现，这些基因都在青鳉脊髓中表达，每个基因都有不同的空间模式。鉴于这些区域中的许多区域与应激反应和焦虑有关，这三个UCN可能在青鳉CNS中发挥不同的生理作用，包括参与应激和焦虑的那些，如哺乳动物CNS中所示。
The urocortin (UCN) group of neuropeptides includes urocortin 1/sauvagine/urotensin 1 (UTS1), urocortin 2 (UCN2) and urocortin 3 (UCN3). In recent years, evidence has accumulated showing that UCNs play pivotal roles in mediating stress response and anxiety in mammals. Evidence has also emerged regarding the evolutionary conservation of UCNs in vertebrates, but very little information is available about UCNs in non-mammalian vertebrates. Indeed, at present, there are no reports of the empirical identification of ucn2 in non-mammalian vertebrates or of the distribution of ucn2 and ucn3 expression in the adult central nervous system (CNS) of these animals. To gain insight into the evolutionary nature of UCNs in vertebrates, we cloned uts1, ucn2 and ucn3 in a teleost fish, medaka and examined the spatial expression of these genes in the adult brain and spinal cord. Although all known UCN2 genes except those in rodents have been reported to likely lack the necessary structural features to produce a functional pre-pro-protein, all three UCN genes in medaka, including ucn2, displayed all of these features, suggesting their functionality. The three UCN genes exhibited distinct spatial expression patterns in the medaka brain: uts1 was primarily expressed in broad regions of the dorsal telencephalon, ucn2 was expressed in restricted regions of the thalamus and brainstem and ucn3 was expressed in discrete nuclei throughout many regions of the brain. We also found that these genes were all expressed throughout the medaka spinal cord, each with a distinct spatial pattern. Given that many of these regions have been implicated in stress responses and anxiety, the three UCNs may serve distinct physiological roles in the medaka CNS, including those involved in stress and anxiety, as shown in the mammalian CNS.