Supporting Transgender and Gender Diverse Youth: Protection Against Emotional Distress and Substance Use
Supporting Transgender and Gender Diverse Youth: Protection Against Emotional Distress and Substance Use
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2018.06.030
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Eisenberg, Marla E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gower, Amy L.;Rider, G. Nic;Eisenberg, Marla E.
引言：与顺性青年（即出生性别和性别认同一致的青年）相比，跨性别青年和性别多样化青年存在重要的心理和身体健康差异，但人们对保护跨性别青年和性别多样化青年免受健康问题影响的因素知之甚少。本文的目的是确定跨性别和性别多样化青少年生活中可改变的保护因素，目的是为消除这一人群在抑郁、自杀和药物使用方面的差异提供信息。方法：对2016年明尼苏达州学生调查的二级数据进行分析，研究了8个保护因素（与父母、成年亲戚、朋友、社区成年人和教师的联系、青少年发展机会、与父母的联系）之间的关系。以及在社区和学校的安全感)和抑郁，自杀和物质使用（酒精，酗酒，大麻，尼古丁）在2168名被认定为跨性别，性别酷儿，性别流动或质疑自己性别的青少年中。Logistic回归分别并同时评价了各保护因素的作用。结果：每种保护因素都与情绪困扰和物质使用的低几率相关。当同时检查保护因素时，父母联系对所有措施都具有保护作用。在学校感到安全，与社区中的成年人保持联系，防止抑郁和自杀；与教师的联系缓冲了药物使用的风险。结论：考虑到跨性别和性别多样化青年报告的联系和安全水平较低，支持一个明确的跨性别和性别多样化的友好网络，包括关心父母、安全和支持学校，以及与社区成年人的联系，可能有助于消除抑郁、自杀和药物使用方面的差异。(C) 2018美国预防医学杂志。Elsevier Inc.出版。版权所有。
Introduction: Important mental and physical health disparities exist for transgender and gender diverse youth compared with cisgender youth (i.e., those whose birth-assigned sex and gender identity align), yet little is known about factors that protect transgender and gender diverse youth from health problems. The objective of this paper is to identify modifiable protective factors in the lives of transgender and gender diverse adolescents, with the goal of informing efforts to eliminate disparities in depression, suicidality, and substance use in this population.Methods: Secondary data analysis of the 2016 Minnesota Student Survey examined associations between eight protective factors (connectedness to parents, adult relatives, friends, adults in the community, and teachers; youth development opportunities; and feeling safe in the community and at school) and depression, suicidality, and substance use (alcohol, binge drinking, marijuana, nicotine) among 2,168 adolescents who identified as transgender, genderqueer, genderfluid, or questioning their gender. Logistic regressions assessed the role of each protective factor separately and simultaneously.Results: Each protective factor was associated with lower odds of emotional distress and substance use. When protective factors were examined simultaneously, parent connectedness was protective for all measures. Feeling safe at school and connected to adults in one's community protected against depression and suicidality; teacher connectedness buffered risk of substance use.Conclusions: Given that transgender and gender diverse youth report lower levels of connectedness and safety, bolstering an explicitly transgender and gender diverse-friendly network of caring parents, safe and supportive schools, and connections to adults in the community may support efforts to eliminate disparities in depression, suicidality, and substance use. (C) 2018 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.