Urban design is key to healthy environments for all.
Urban design is key to healthy environments for all.
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DOI：
10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00202-9
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发表时间：
2022-06
影响因子：
34.3
通讯作者：
Neira, Maria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
de Sa, Thiago Herick;Mwaura, Abraham;Vert, Cristina;Mudu, Pierpaolo;Roebbel, Nathalie;Nhan Tran;Neira, Maria
城市化的快速发展沿着人口老龄化、气候变化、环境退化、COVID 19和其他流行病，给生活在城市和其他社区的人们带来了巨大的挑战。地球仪各国政府和国家以下各级政府在确定和应对与健康、公平和可持续性有关的城市挑战方面的能力差异很大，这是因为现有的人力和财政资源、治理和参与结构以及现有的政策框架都是健康和可持续城市环境的重要决定因素。城市的社会和自然环境状况也将决定挑战的严重程度和每种环境下应对措施的紧迫性。1确定干预措施的主要挑战和机遇对于改善城市居民的健康和福祉，减少压力源、冲击和危害的暴露至关重要，同时也有助于促进福祉和减少健康不平等。将多项议程结合在一起的政策和指标也可以改善多部门行动，并有助于实现收益最大化。因此，我们非常欢迎《柳叶刀》关于城市设计、交通和健康的全球健康系列，以支持全球努力为健康和可持续的城市制定政策和空间指标体系。Giles Corti和他的同事们在系列介绍性评论的标题中宣称：被测量的东西被完成了。2我们同意，并认为所做的事情也应该定期进行持续改进，充分利用计划的干预措施，现有政策和自然实验来推进知识，建立专业知识和监测进展，包括健康和福祉结果。这一实践将帮助我们了解如何以及如何改变以创造健康和可持续的城市环境，3这在任何地方都是相关的，特别是在证据仍然稀缺的地方和干预领域（例如，低收入环境）。4
Rapidly increasing urbanisation along with ageing populations, climate change, environmental degrada tion, COVID19, and other pandemics present substantial challenges for people living in cities and other communities. The capacity to identify and respond to urban challenges related to health, equity, and sustainability varies greatly across national and subnational governments around the globe, because of the available human and financial resources, structures of governance and participation, and existing policy frameworks, which are all important determinants of healthy and sustainable urban environments. The status of the social and physical urban environments will also determine the magnitude of the challenge and the urgency of the response for each setting. 1 Identifying key challenges and opportunities for interventions is crucial to improving the health and wellbeing gains of urban dwellers and reducing exposure to stressors, shocks, and hazards, while also contributing to fostering wellbeing and reducing health inequalities. Policies and indicators that bring several agendas together can also improve multisectoral action and help maximise gains. For this reason, we very much welcome the Lancet Global Health Series on urban design, transport, and health to support global efforts to develop systems of policy and spatial indicators for healthy and sustainable cities. The title of the Series’ introductory Comment by Giles Corti and colleagues declares: what gets measured gets done. 2 We agree, and argue that what gets done should also get regularly measured for continuous improvement, making best use of planned interventions, existing policies, and natural experiments to advance knowledge, build expertise, and monitor progress, including on health and wellbeing outcomes. This practice will help us understand how and what to change for the creation of healthy and sustainable urban environments, 3 which is relevant everywhere, but particularly in places and intervention areas where evidence is still scarce (eg, low income settings). 4