MNEMONIC CODING OF VISUAL SPACE IN THE MONKEYS DORSOLATERAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX
MNEMONIC CODING OF VISUAL SPACE IN THE MONKEYS DORSOLATERAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX
复制标题
DOI：
10.1152/jn.1989.61.2.331
复制
发表时间：
1989-02-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
GOLDMANRAKIC, PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FUNAHASHI, S;BRUCE, CJ;GOLDMANRAKIC, PS
1.采用视觉延迟反应任务研究了灵长类前额叶皮层神经元的空间记忆功能。训练猴子在短暂呈现（0.5 s）外围线索期间和在整个随后的延迟期（1-6 s）内注视中心点，然后在注视目标消失时，对已经呈现线索的地方进行扫视眼球运动。线索通常出现在相隔45度的八个不同位置之一。因此，这项任务需要猴子将目光指向记住的视觉线索的位置，控制视觉线索的视网膜坐标，控制猴子在延迟期间的眼动行为，并且还允许精确测量相关行为反应的时间和方向。2.记录获得了288个神经元在前额叶皮层内和周围的主沟（PS），而猴子执行这项任务。此外，还研究了弓状沟前缘内和附近的额眼区（FEF）的31个神经元。3.在288个PS神经元中，有170个表现出与任务相关的活动，在此任务的至少一个阶段，其中，87个表现出显着的兴奋或抑制活动的延迟期间相对于活动在审讯间隔。4.延迟期活动被归类为定向的这87个神经元中的79%，在显着的反应只发生以下线索位于一定范围内的视野方向和弱或不存在的其他线索方向。剩下的21%是全方位的，即，显示了所有测试视野位置的可比较的延迟期活动。在不同的延迟间隔（1-6秒）内保持方向偏好或缺乏方向偏好。5.对于50的87个PS神经元，在延迟期间的活动显着升高以上的神经元的自发率至少有一个线索的位置，其余的37个神经元只抑制延迟期活动。几乎所有（92%）的兴奋性延迟期活动的神经元是定向的，少数（8%）是全向的。大多数（62%）的神经元与纯粹的抑制延迟期活动的方向，但一个实质性的少数（38%）是全向的。6. 15个具有兴奋性方向延迟期活动的神经元对其他提示方向也具有显著的抑制性延迟期活动。这些抑制反应通常是最强的，或集中在，线索方向大致相反的最佳兴奋性反应。（400字处截断摘要）
1. An oculomotor delayed-response task was used to examine the spatial memory functions of neurons in primate prefrontal cortex. Monkeys were trained to fixate a central spot during a brief presentation (0.5 s) of a peripheral cue and throughout a subsequent delay period (1-6 s), and then, upon the extinction of the fixation target, to make a saccadic eye movement to where the cue had been presented. Cues were usually presented in one of eight different locations separated by 45 degrees. This task thus requires monkeys to direct their gaze to the location of a remembered visual cue, controls the retinal coordinates of the visual cues, controls the monkey's oculomotor behavior during the delay period, and also allows precise measurement of the timing and direction of the relevant behavioral responses. 2. Recordings were obtained from 288 neurons in the prefrontal cortex within and surrounding the principal sulcus (PS) while monkeys performed this task. An additional 31 neurons in the frontal eye fields (FEF) region within and near the anterior bank of the arcuate sulcus were also studied. 3. Of the 288 PS neurons, 170 exhibited task-related activity during at least one phase of this task and, of these, 87 showed significant excitation or inhibition of activity during the delay period relative to activity during the intertrial interval. 4. Delay period activity was classified as directional for 79% of these 87 neurons in that significant responses only occurred following cues located over a certain range of visual field directions and were weak or absent for other cue directions. The remaining 21% were omnidirectional, i.e., showed comparable delay period activity for all visual field locations tested. Directional preferences, or lack thereof, were maintained across different delay intervals (1-6 s). 5. For 50 of the 87 PS neurons, activity during the delay period was significantly elevated above the neuron's spontaneous rate for at least one cue location; for the remaining 37 neurons only inhibitory delay period activity was seen. Nearly all (92%) neurons with excitatory delay period activity were directional and few (8%) were omnidirectional. Most (62%) neurons with purely inhibitory delay period activity were directional, but a substantial minority (38%) was omnidirectional. 6. Fifteen of the neurons with excitatory directional delay period activity also had significant inhibitory delay period activity for other cue directions. These inhibitory responses were usually strongest for, or centered about, cue directions roughly opposite those optimal for excitatory responses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)