Adult tobacco use levels after intensive tobacco control measures: New York City, 2002-2003
Adult tobacco use levels after intensive tobacco control measures: New York City, 2002-2003
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2004.058164
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Frankel, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frieden, TR;Mostashari, F;Frankel, M
目标.我们试图确定纽约市全面烟草控制措施的影响。2002年，纽约市实施了一项烟草控制战略：（1）增加卷烟消费税;（2）采取法律的行动，使几乎所有工作场所，包括酒吧和餐馆，都禁烟;（3）增加戒烟服务，包括大规模的免费尼古丁贴片计划;（4）教育;（5）评估。卫生部还开始对包括吸烟在内的一系列健康措施进行年度调查。从2002年到2003年，纽约市成年人的吸烟率下降了11%（从21.6%下降到19.2%，大约减少了14万吸烟者）。吸烟在所有年龄组，种族/民族和教育水平中下降;在两种性别中;在美国出生和外国出生的人中;以及在所有5个区中。增加税收似乎是造成下降的最大原因;然而，在2002年至2003年期间，纽约市以外购买卷烟的比例翻了一番，使实际价格上涨减少了三分之一。协调一致的地方行动可以大幅降低吸烟率。然而，要取得进一步进展，就需要采取国家行动，特别是增加卷烟税，减少卷烟逃税，扩大教育和戒烟服务，并限制烟草销售。
Objectives. We sought to determine the impact of comprehensive tobacco control measures in New York City.Methods. In 2002, New York City implemented a tobacco control strategy of (1) increased cigarette excise taxes; (2) legal action that made virtually all workplaces, including bars and restaurants, smoke free; (3) increased cessation services, including a large-scale free nicotine-patch program; (4) education; and (5) evaluation. The health department also began annual surveys on a broad array of health measures, including smoking.Results. From 2002 to 2003, smoking prevalence among New York City adults decreased by 11 % (from 21.6% to 19.2%, approximately 140000 fewer smokers). Smoking declined among all age groups, race/ethnicities, and education levels; in both genders; among both US-born and foreign-born persons; and in all 5 boroughs. Increased taxation appeared to account for the largest proportion of the decrease; however, between 2002 and 2003 the proportion of cigarettes purchased outside New York City doubled, reducing the effective price increase by a third.Conclusions. Concerted local action can sharply reduce smoking prevalence. However, further progress will require national action, particularly to increase cigarette taxes, reduce cigarette tax evasion, expand education and cessation services, and limit tobacco marketing.