Conservation status and reproductive ecology of giant babax Babax waddelli (Aves, Timaliinae), endemic to the Tibet plateau
Conservation status and reproductive ecology of giant babax Babax waddelli (Aves, Timaliinae), endemic to the Tibet plateau
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DOI：
10.1017/s0030605304000791
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发表时间：
2004-10
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Xin Lu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xin Lu
狒狒全年以3 ~ 8只为群居群，主要栖息在林区边缘，繁殖期群体相遇率为0.35组h−1，种群密度为0.04只ha−1；在灌丛区依赖于灌木覆盖的斑块，群体相遇率和种群密度分别为0.32组h−1和0.03只ha−1。据估计，全球狒狒的数量约为12万只。生殖和行为数据是在一个山谷的灌木丛环境中收集的。5月上旬至6月上旬产蛋，窝数2 ~ 4枚，平均2.9枚。孵化期16 ~ 18 d，羽化期16 ~ 18 d。以至少有一只雏鸟存活到羽化的比例来衡量的筑巢成功率为75%。一些巴巴克斯的巢穴是由团队成员合作的，而另一些则是由父母双方共同参与的。巢高在1.8 m以上的密丛中，主要为绢红（Rosa sericea）、小檗（Berberis hemleyana）、白杨（Cotoneaster divaricatus）、白杨（Sibiraca angustata）和沙柳（Salix sclerophylla）。这种对高灌木的强烈依赖使巴巴克斯更容易受到植被退化的影响。它们天生的低人口密度和强烈的社会群体行为构成了必须考虑的额外风险因素。强调了植被保护对该特有物种长期生存的重要性。
The Lower Risk/near threatened giant babax Babax waddelli is endemic to southern Tibet. The babaxes, living in groups of 3–8 individuals year-round, favoured edge habitats in forest regions where the group encounter rate during the breeding period was 0.35 groups h−1 and population density 0.04 birds ha−1, and in scrub regions they depended on the patches covered with higher bushes in which the group encounter rate and population density were 0.32 groups h−1 and 0.03 birds ha−1 respectively. The global population of the babaxes was estimated to be 120,000 birds. Reproductive and behavioural data were collected from scrub environments in a valley. Egg laying occurred between early May and early June, and clutch size ranged from 2 to 4 eggs, 2.9 on average. Incubation and fledging lasted 16–18 days respectively. Nesting success, measured as the proportion of clutches from which at least one young survives to fledging, was 75%. Some of the babax's nests were cooperatively attended by group members and the others only by both parents. The most preferable nesting areas were in dense bushes more than 1.8 m in height (mainly Rosa sericea, Berberis hemleyana, Cotoneaster divaricatus, Sibiraca angustata and Salix sclerophylla). Such strong dependence on high bushes leaves babaxes more susceptible to vegetation degradation. As a result, the increasing clearance of scrub habitats for firewood is a major current threat to the birds around the mid-Yalong Zangbo River, a region with the densest human population and most rapidly developing economy in Tibet. Their naturally low population density and strongly social grouping behaviour present extra risk factors that have to be taken into account. The importance of vegetation protection for long-term survival of this endemic species is highlighted.