Identification of the envelope V3 loop as a determinant of a CD4-negative neuronal cell tropism for HIV-1.
Identification of the envelope V3 loop as a determinant of a CD4-negative neuronal cell tropism for HIV-1.
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鉴定包膜 V3 环作为 HIV-1 的 CD4 阴性神经元细胞趋向性的决定因素。
作者：
Trujillo,JR;Wang,WK;Lee,TH;Essex,M
一些神经元来源的CD4阴性细胞容易感染人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)。半乳糖神经酰胺是HIV-1的另一种受体，它似乎在体外与gp120的C2、V3、V4和V5区域结合。HIV-1 V3环中的氨基酸变异影响了CD4阳性细胞的细胞趋向性，但其对CD4阴性细胞的影响尚未完全分析。在这里，我们描述了V3中的氨基酸变化对HIV-1感染CD4阴性神经细胞系SK-N-MC的影响。V3结构域的序列被发现显著改变了病毒的感染性。此外，gp120 V3环中和单抗可阻断HIV-1对SK-N-MC细胞的感染。这一数据表明，V3也可能是CD4阴性细胞感染性的主要病毒决定因素。
Some neuronal-derived CD4-negative cells are susceptible to infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Galactosyl ceramide is an alternate receptor for HIV-1 that appears to bindin vitroto the C2, V3, V4, and V5 regions of gp120. Amino acid variation in the V3 loop of HIV-1 affects cellular tropism in CD4-positive cells, but its effect on CD4-negative cells has not been fully analyzed. Here, we describe the effect of amino acid changes in V3 on the HIV-1 infection of a CD4-negative neuronal cell line, SK-N-MC. The sequence of the V3 domain was found to dramatically alter virus infectivity. Furthermore, a gp120 V3 loop neutralizing monoclonal antibody blocked HIV-1 infection on SK-N-MC cells. This data suggests that V3 may also serve as a primary viral determinant for infectivity of CD4-negative cells.