Implementing the Precautionary Principle in Fisheries Management Through Marine Reserves
Implementing the Precautionary Principle in Fisheries Management Through Marine Reserves
复制标题
通过海洋保护区落实渔业管理中的预防原则
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Munro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tim Lauck;C. Clark;M. Mangel;G. Munro
海洋渔业的过度开发仍然是世界范围内的一个严重问题，即使对于许多由沿海国家集中管理的渔业来说也是如此。许多因素导致了这些系统故障。在这里，我们讨论与海洋生态系统有关的持续的、不可减少的科学不确定性的影响。当与渔获量的不可控性和偶发死亡率相结合时，这种不确定性可能意味着传统的渔业管理方法将持续不成功。我们建议使用大型保护区（海洋保护区）作为未来管理计划的主要组成部分。保护区可以作为对不可避免的管理限制的对冲，从而大大加强渔业资源的长期可持续开发。海洋保护区还可以避免进行更加详细和昂贵的种群评估，并且对于恢复枯竭的种群具有无价的价值。
Overexploitation of marine fisheries remains a serious problem worldwide, even for many fisheries that have been intensively managed by coastal nations. Many factors have contributed to these system failures. Here we discuss the implications of persistent, irreducible scientific uncertainty pertaining to marine ecosystems. When combined with typical levels of uncontrollability of catches and incidental mortality, this uncertainty probably implies that traditional approaches to fisheries management will be persistently unsuccessful. We propose the use of large-scale protected areas (marine reserves) as major components of future management programs. Protected areas can serve as a hedge against inevitable management limitations, thus greatly enhancing the long-term sustainable exploitation of fishery resources. Marine reserves would also provide an escape from the need of ever more detailed and expensive stock assessments and would be invaluable in the rehabilitation of depleted stocks.