STUDIES IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF INSECTS BY AERIAL CURRENTS - THE INSECT POPULATION OF THE AIR FROM GROUND LEVEL TO 300 FEET
STUDIES IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF INSECTS BY AERIAL CURRENTS - THE INSECT POPULATION OF THE AIR FROM GROUND LEVEL TO 300 FEET
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DOI：
10.2307/1389
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发表时间：
1945-01-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
FREEMAN, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FREEMAN, JA
林肯郡一片农田上方的昆虫空中种群是在10、177和277英尺的高度，通过从BEAM无线电台的桅杆上飞出的网在4400英尺的前方进行采样的。种群主要由小而弱的昆虫组成，它们的浮力很大，不由自主地随风漂浮。在地面附近，双翅目昆虫数量最多，在100英尺以上，半翅目昆虫占优势，在所有海拔高度，姬蜂科都是数量最多的科。收集到的昆虫总数中有一半以上是该种昆虫。Brassicae、Sciara spp.、Pterodela pedicularia、Oscinis spp.、Aphdius sp.和细尾藻Leptocera sp.那些种人。仅限于地面的昆虫发生的频率低于在所有高度捕获的昆虫的发生频率。昆虫种群。收集到的物种按垂直分布可分为“空中”和“陆地”两种形式，并列出了典型物种的清单。以及这些群体中的家庭。当地植被决定了该地区航空动物群的总体特征，各月间有明显的变化。这些变化在整个前线上大体上是一致的，无论是宽的还是窄的，这表明昆虫在大范围内相当活跃，尽管由于繁殖地点非常接近特定的渔网，出现了不均匀的情况，特别是在基层。5、6、9月为交配和扩散活动的高峰期，数量和种类最多。麦克斯。大多数群体的数量出现在REL。湿度低于59%，风速为每小时12英里。在下面和在临时的地方。超过[度]F，后者发挥最大控制作用。这本书。并讨论了风扩散的经济方面，特别是与这项工作的结果有关，强调了适度的风和风向漂移的重要性，而不是飓风和风暴的重要性。参考农业病虫害的发生情况。在收藏品中。
The insect aerial population above an area of agricultural land in Lincolnshire was sampled at heights of 10, 177, and 277 ft., over a front of 4400 ft., by nets flown from the masts of a beam wireless station. The population consists mainly of small weak-flying insects of high buoyancy drifted involuntarily by the wind. Diptera were most numerous near the ground, Hemiptera were dominant above 100 ft., and Aphididae was the most numerous family at all heights. Over half the total number of insects collected were of the spp. Brevicoryne brassicae, Sciara spp., Pterodela pedicularia, Oscinis spp., Aphidius sp. and Leptocera sp. Those spp. of insects which were confined to ground-level occurred less frequently than those taken at all heights. The insect spp. collected may be classified into "aerial" and "terrestrial" forms according to their vertical distribution, and lists are given of typical spp. and families in these groups. The local vegetation determined the general character of the aerial fauna, which showed significant changes from month to month. These changes were generally uniform over the whole front, whether broad or narrow, indicating considerable insect activity over an extensive area, although unevenness occurred, especially at groundlevel, owing to the close proximity of breeding places to particular nets. The greatest numbers and variety of insects occurred in May, June and Sept., times of activity in mating and dispersal. Max. numbers of most groups occurred at rel. humidities below 59%, wind velocities of 12 m.p.h. and below and at temps. in excess of 64[degree] F, the latter factor exercising most control. The biol. and economic aspects of wind dispersal are discussed particularly in relation to the results of this work in emphasizing the importance of moderate winds and wind drift rather than that of hurricanes and storms. Reference is made to the occurrence of agricultural pest spp. in the collections.