PROCESSES Social Loafing: A Meta-Analytic Review and Theoretical Integration
PROCESSES Social Loafing: A Meta-Analytic Review and Theoretical Integration
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通讯作者：
Steven;Karau;Kipling D Williams;Martin Bourgeois;Donal Carlston;Alice Eagly;Rebecca Henry;
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作者：
Steven;Karau;Kipling D Williams;Martin Bourgeois;Donal Carlston;Alice Eagly;Rebecca Henry;
社交闲散是指个人在集体工作时比单独工作时花费更少的努力的趋势。一项对78项研究的元分析表明，社交游手好闲是健康的，并在任务和S群体中普遍存在。研究发现，大量变量对社会闲散行为有一定的调节作用。评价潜力、对同事表现的期望值、任务意义和文化对评价潜力的影响尤为显著。这些发现是根据集体努力模型来解释的，该模型整合了期望价值、社会认同和自我验证理论的元素。
Social loafing is the tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually. A meta-analysis of 78 studies demonstrates that social loafing is robust and generalizes across tasks and S populations. A large number of variables were found to moderate social loafing. Evaluation potential, expectations of co-worker performance, task meaningfulness, and culture had especially strong influence. These findings are interpreted in the light of a Collective Effort Model that integrates elements of expectancy-value, social identity, and self-validation theories.