Oil and state capitalism: government-firm coopetition in China and India
Oil and state capitalism: government-firm coopetition in China and India
复制标题
石油与国家资本主义：中国和印度的政府与企业合作
DOI：
10.1080/09692290.2015.1089303
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Tanvi Madan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jonas O. Meckling;B. Kong;Tanvi Madan
本文考察了中国和印度国有石油公司国际化的国内根源。它认为，与国家主导的国际化概念相反，国家石油公司走出国门反映了一种“合作竞争”模式，即，日益具有企业家精神的国家石油公司与部分支持和干预的母国政府之间的合作与冲突并存。在中国，国家主要承担资源供应者的角色，很少作为否决者介入。在印度，国家石油公司与政府之间的关系更具对抗性，国家比中国更经常作为否决者进行干预，只是慢慢地成为资源供应商。这种国际化的模式可以用两大趋势来解释：（1）国家石油公司的市场化;（2）海外投资管理的改革。这些发现对理论和政策都很重要。首先，他们在混合资本主义模型中，将企业与政府关系的关系动力学展开，超越了自上而下和自下而上的动力学概念。其次，我们的分析表明，国家干预新兴经济体的国际能源战略，偶尔否决球员，而不是积极利用国家石油公司的国际化地缘政治目标。
ABSTRACT This paper examines the domestic sources of the internationalization of national oil companies (NOCs) in China and India. It argues that – counter to notions of state-led internationalization – the going abroad of NOCs reflects a pattern of ‘coopetition,’ i.e., the co-existence of cooperation and conflict between increasingly entrepreneurial NOCs and partially supportive and interventionist home governments. In China, the state has predominantly assumed the role of resource supplier, rarely stepping in as a veto player. In India, the NOC–government relationship has been more adversarial, with the state intervening more often as a veto player than its Chinese counterpart and only slowly emerging as a resource supplier. These patterns of internationalization can be explained by how two major trends have been playing out in the two countries: (1) the marketization of NOCs, and (2) the reform of the governance of overseas investments. The findings matter to theory and policy. First, they unpack the relational dynamics of business–government relations in hybrid models of capitalism beyond notions of top-down and bottom-up dynamics. Second, our analysis shows that the state intervenes in the international energy strategies of emerging economies as the occasional veto player rather than actively leveraging NOC internationalization for geopolitical goals.