Eye movements during multiple object tracking
Eye movements during multiple object tracking
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DOI：
10.1167/7.9.999
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发表时间：
2010-03
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Hilda M. Fehd;A. Seiffert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hilda M. Fehd;A. Seiffert
以前的工作已经确定，人们能够成功地同时跟踪多个移动的物品。虽然在这种跟踪过程中不需要眼球运动，但人们通常会随着目标的移动而移动眼球。这个实验的目的是调查观察者在跟踪多个物体时倾向于看哪里。观察者观看包含8个红点的显示器，这些红点在黑色背景上的正方形框内随机移动。其中1个或3个点被提示为目标，剩下的点作为干扰物。使用ASL 120 Hz基于视频的眼动跟踪系统记录眼动。结果表明，在单目标试验中，观察者的眼睛最接近目标点的时间（96.6%）显著多于任何干扰点（0.3%）。这种差异在3靶点试验中也很明显。然而，在3个目标试验中，眼睛最接近由三个目标点形成的三角形的中心的时间（65.7%）明显多于它们最接近任何目标点的时间（8.5%）。这一结果表明，观察者倾向于看向多个目标的中心，这一发现可能反映了一种试图同时最小化所有目标偏心率的策略。另一种选择是观察者在感知上将目标分组以形成虚拟对象（Yantis，1992，Cognitive Psychology，24：295-340），并且他们注视该虚拟对象的中心，就像他们注视真实的对象一样（Vishwanath & Kowler，2003，Vision Research，43：1637-1653）。此外，这一结果意味着人们在跟踪过程中使用对象位置的心理表征，而对象没有接收直接的视觉聚焦。
Previous work has established that people are capable of successfully tracking multiple moving items simultaneously. While eye movements are not necessary during this tracking, people often move their eyes as the targets move. The goal of this experiment was to investigate where observers tend to look while keeping track of multiple objects. Observers viewed a display containing 8 red dots that moved randomly within a square box on a black background. Either 1 or 3 of the dots were cued as targets, leaving the rest of the dots to serve as distractors. Eye movements were recorded using an ASL 120 Hz video-based eye-tracking system. Results indicate that during 1-target trials observers' eyes were closest to the target dot significantly more of the time (96.6%) than any of the distractor dots (0.3%). This difference was also evident during 3-target trials. However, on 3-target trials, the eyes were closest to the center of the triangle formed by the three target dots for significantly more of the time (65.7%) than they were closest to any of the target dots (8.5%). This result indicates that observers tend to look toward the center of multiple targets, a finding that may reflect a strategy of attempting to minimize the eccentricity of all the targets simultaneously. Another alternative is that observers are perceptually grouping the targets to form a virtual object (Yantis, 1992, Cognitive Psychology, 24: 295–340) and that they fixate at the center of this virtual object, as they do with real objects (Vishwanath & Kowler, 2003, Vision Research, 43: 1637–1653). In addition, this result implies that people use a mental representation of an object's location during tracking without that object receiving direct foveation.