Theory of mind abilities of children with schizophrenia, children with autism, and normally developing children
Theory of mind abilities of children with schizophrenia, children with autism, and normally developing children
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DOI：
10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00101-2
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发表时间：
2000-04-07
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Mozes, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pilowsky, T;Yirmiya, N;Mozes, T
比较了精神分裂症儿童、高功能自闭症儿童和正常发育儿童的心理理论 (ToM) 能力，并与心理年龄 (MA)、言语 MA 和表现 MA 相匹配。两个临床组的实际年龄也相匹配，而正常发育的儿童则更年轻。进行了事实信念任务、价值信念任务、欺骗任务和错误信念任务。三组在事实信念任务上没有差异。自闭症儿童在价值信念和错误信念任务上的表现比正常发育的儿童更差，在欺骗任务上比精神分裂症患者的表现更差。仅在错误信念任务中，精神分裂症儿童的表现就比正常发育的儿童差。总体而言，与正常发育组相比，自闭症组完成的任务要少得多。自闭症患者的 ToM 能力与言语能力相关。偏执型精神分裂症儿童和未分化或无组织性精神分裂症儿童的 ToM 能力没有差异。研究结果强化了对精神分裂症中 ToM 的有限理解的观点，并支持这样一种观点，即 ToM 缺陷虽然在自闭症中更为严重，但并非自闭症所独有。 (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. 保留所有权利。
Theory of mind (ToM) abilities of children with schizophrenia, children with high functioning autism, and normally developing children, matched on mental age (MA), verbal MA, and performance MA, were compared. Both clinical groups were matched on chronological age as well, whereas the normally developing children were younger. A fact belief task, a value belief task, a deception task, and a false belief task were administered. The three groups did not differ on the fact belief task. Children with autism performed more poorly than normally developing children on value belief and false belief tasks, and more poorly than individuals with schizophrenia on the deception task. Children with schizophrenia performed more poorly than normally developing children only on the false belief task. Overall, the group with autism passed significantly fewer tasks compared to the normally developing group. ToM abilities correlated with verbal abilities for individuals with autism. The ToM abilities of children with paranoid schizophrenia and children with undifferentiated or disorganized schizophrenia did not differ. Findings strengthen the notion of a limited understanding of ToM in schizophrenia, and support the notion that ToM deficits, although more severe in autism, are not unique to autism. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.