Early Childhood Behavioral Inhibition Predicts Cortical Thickness in Adulthood.
Early Childhood Behavioral Inhibition Predicts Cortical Thickness in Adulthood.
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儿童早期的行为抑制可预测成年后的皮质厚度。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jaac.2015.11.007
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Pine,DanielS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sylvester,ChadM;Barch,DeannaM;Harms,MichaelP;Belden,AndyC;Oakberg,TimothyJ;Gold,AndreaL;White,LaurenK;Benson,BrendaE;Troller-Renfree,Sonya;Degnan,KathrynA;Henderson,HeatherA;Luby,JoanL;Fox,NathanA;Pine,DanielS
目的：儿童早期行为抑制（BI）可预测青少年焦虑障碍和认知控制改变的风险。虽然BI与成年期大脑功能的变化有关，但很少有研究调查儿童早期BI与成年期大脑结构之间的关系。方法对儿童早期BI与成年期皮质厚度的关系进行研究，研究对象为53人，平均年龄20.5岁。分析测试了青春期的焦虑和/或认知控制是否调节了脑损伤和皮质厚度之间的关系。认知控制用Eriksen Flanker任务测量。初步分析检查了先前与BI、焦虑症和认知控制相关区域的皮质厚度：背前扣带（dACC）、前岛（aI）和亚属前扣带（sgACC）；扁桃体和海马体的体积。探索性分析考察了前额皮质之间的关系。结果儿童早期bi与成年期dACC变薄有关。焦虑和认知控制都没有调节这种关系。青少年时期Eriksen Flanker任务的一致性效应较强，与成年期较薄的dACC有独立关系。在儿童时期低BI的人群中，青春期较高的焦虑与成年后较厚的右腹外侧前额叶皮层（VLPFC）有关。结论儿童早期气质及气质与后期焦虑的相互作用与成人大脑结构有关。这些结果与先前将BI和焦虑与dACC和VLPFC的脑功能变异性联系起来的研究一致。
ObjectiveBehavioral inhibition (BI) during early childhood predicts risk for anxiety disorders and altered cognitive control in adolescence. Although BI has been linked to variation in brain function through adulthood, few studies have examined relations between early childhood BI and adult brain structure.MethodThe relation between early childhood BI and cortical thickness in adulthood was examined in a cohort of individuals followed since early childhood (N = 53, mean age 20.5 years). Analyses tested whether anxiety and/or cognitive control during adolescence moderated relations between BI and cortical thickness. Cognitive control was measured with the Eriksen Flanker Task. Initial analyses examined cortical thickness in regions of interest previously implicated in BI, anxiety disorders, and cognitive control: dorsal anterior cingulate (dACC), anterior insula (aI), and subgenual anterior cingulate (sgACC); and volumes of the amygdala and hippocampus. Exploratory analyses examined relations across the prefrontal cortex.ResultsBI during early childhood related to thinner dACC in adulthood. Neither anxiety nor cognitive control moderated this relation. A stronger congruency effect on the Eriksen Flanker Task during adolescence independently related to thinner dACC in adulthood. Higher anxiety during adolescence related to thicker cortex in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) in adulthood among those with low BI as children.ConclusionTemperament in early childhood and the interaction between temperament and later anxiety relate to adult brain structure. These results are consistent with prior work associating BI and anxiety with functional brain variability in the dACC and VLPFC.