Dose and dose-rate effects of ionizing radiation: a discussion in the light of radiological protection
Dose and dose-rate effects of ionizing radiation: a discussion in the light of radiological protection
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DOI：
10.1007/s00411-015-0613-6
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发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Hamada, Nobuyuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ruehm, Werner;Woloschak, Gayle E.;Hamada, Nobuyuki
低剂量和低剂量率暴露于电离辐射对人体的生物效应一直是人们主要关注的问题。国际放射防护委员会(ICRP)提出的最新概念是使用所谓的剂量和剂量率效应因子(DDREF)来推断与辐射防护有关的高剂量和剂量率下的现有流行病学数据，直至低剂量和低剂量率。本文件概述了2015年5月在日本京都举行的关于这一专题的专门研讨会上，来自ICRP和日本的专家所作的介绍和讨论。本文根据新出现的剂量和剂量率效应的科学证据，描述了DDREF概念的历史发展，总结了一些国际组织(例如，Beir VII、ICRP、SSK、UNSCEAR和WHO)最近得出的结论，提到了目前在分子、细胞、动物和人类水平上获取更多关于低剂量和低剂量率效应的数据的科学努力，并讨论了可能有助于改进和优化DDREF概念以达到辐射防护目的的未来选择。
The biological effects on humans of low-dose and low-dose-rate exposures to ionizing radiation have always been of major interest. The most recent concept as suggested by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is to extrapolate existing epidemiological data at high doses and dose rates down to low doses and low dose rates relevant to radiological protection, using the so-called dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor (DDREF). The present paper summarizes what was presented and discussed by experts from ICRP and Japan at a dedicated workshop on this topic held in May 2015 in Kyoto, Japan. This paper describes the historical development of the DDREF concept in light of emerging scientific evidence on dose and dose-rate effects, summarizes the conclusions recently drawn by a number of international organizations (e.g., BEIR VII, ICRP, SSK, UNSCEAR, and WHO), mentions current scientific efforts to obtain more data on low-dose and low-dose-rate effects at molecular, cellular, animal and human levels, and discusses future options that could be useful to improve and optimize the DDREF concept for the purpose of radiological protection.