Effects of age on validity of self-reported height, weight, and body mass index: Findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994
Effects of age on validity of self-reported height, weight, and body mass index: Findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994
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DOI：
10.1016/s0002-8223(01)00008-6
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Najjar, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kuczmarski, MF;Kuczmarski, RJ;Najjar, M
目的比较第三次全国健康与营养调查(NHANES III)中成人的自报身高和体重，并确定其结果。根据自我报告的身高和体重计算的体重指数(BMI)影响超重患病率的估计，而根据测量值计算的BMI则影响超重患病率的估计。设计在NHANES III中使用复杂样本设计，以获得具有全国代表性的美国平民、非制度化人口的样本。在家庭访谈中，受访者被问及他们的身高和体重。受试者包括7,772名男性和8,801名女性，年龄在20岁及以上。统计分析只包括测量和自我报告身高和体重的人，并应用统计抽样权重。T检验，皮尔逊产品。使用矩相关系数、灵敏度和特异度分析来确定自我报告测量和超重患病率估计的有效性，超重定义为BMI大于或等于25。结果年龄是区分体重、身高、BMI和超重的重要因素。身高和BMI的平均误差(测量的自我报告值)在统计学上有显著差异，这在年龄较大的人群中明显更大。例如，女性身高的平均误差为2.92厘米至4.50厘米，70岁及以上男性的平均身高误差为3.06厘米至4.29厘米。尽管测量数据和自我报告的数据之间高度相关，但在老年人中，根据测量值计算的超重率高于根据自我报告值计算的超重率。当用自我报告的身高计算时，BMI比根据大于或等于70岁的人的测量身高计算的BMI低一个单位。随着年龄的增加，特异性高，但敏感性降低。结论/应用自我报告的身高和体重可以用于年轻人，但对年龄大于或等于60岁的老年人有限制。在研究研究和涉及老年人的临床环境中，未能测量身高和体重可能导致随后对超重状况的错误分类。因此，我们鼓励注册营养师使用已校准的体重和身高测量仪测量体重和身高。
Objective To compare self-reported to measured heights and weights of adults examined in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), and to determine to what. extent body mass index (BMI) calculated from self-reported heights and weights affects estimates of overweight prevalence compared with BMI calculated from measured values.Design A complex sample design was used in NHANES III to obtain a nationally representative sample of the US civilian, noninstitutionalized population. During household interviews, survey respondents were asked their height and weight. Trained health technicians subsequently measured height and weight using standardized procedures and equipment.Subjects The analytical sample consisted of 7,772 men and 8,801 women 20 years old and older.Statistical analyses performed Only persons with measured and self-reported heights and weights were included in the analysis, and statistical sampling weights were applied. t Tests, Pearson product. moment correlation coefficients, sensitivity, and specificity analyses were used to determine the validity of self-reported measurements and prevalence estimates of overweight, defined as BMI of 25 or greater.Results Age is an important factor in classifying weight, height, BMI, and overweight from self-reports. Statistically significant differences were found for the mean error (measured-self-reported values) for height and BMI that were notably larger for older age groups. For example, the mean error for height ranged from 2.92 to 4.50 cm for women and from 3.06 to 4.29 cm for men, 70 years and older. Despite the high correlation between measured and self-reported data, the prevalence of overweight calculated from measured values was higher than that calculated from self-reported values among older adults. When calculated with self-reported height, BMI was one unit lower than when calculated from measured height for persons greater than or equal to 70 years. Specificity was high but sensitivity decreased with increasing age cohorts. Regression equations are provided to determine actual height from self-reported values for older adults.Conclusion/Applications Self-reported heights and weights can be used with younger adults, but they have limitations for older adults, ages greater than or equal to 60 years. In research studies and in clinical settings involving older adults, failure to measure height and weight can result in subsequent misclassification of overweight status. Therefore, registered dietitians are encouraged to obtained a measured weight and height using a calibrated scale and stadiometer.