A 400-ka tephrochronological framework for Central America from Lake Petén Itzá (Guatemala) sediments
A 400-ka tephrochronological framework for Central America from Lake Petén Itzá (Guatemala) sediments
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来自佩滕伊察湖（危地马拉）沉积物的中美洲 400ka 年代学框架
DOI：
10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.08.023
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Frische
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kutterolf;Schindlbeck;Anselmetti;Ariztegui;Brenner;Curtis;Schmid;Hodell;Mueller;Pérez;Schwalb;Frische
危地马拉北方的佩滕伊察湖位于尤卡坦半岛中南部的一个水文封闭盆地内，2006年在国际大陆科学钻探计划的主持下进行了钻探。该湖位于北纬16°55 '，是研究新热带低地过去气候和环境条件的理想地点。由于其巨大的深度（>160米），佩滕伊察湖有一个持续沉积物积累的记录，一直延伸到晚更新世。从该地区获得长期气候记录的一个关键障碍是很难建立一个超过140 ka的可靠年代学，这是14 C测年的极限。然而，在湖Petén Itzá沉积物火山灰层，使年龄/深度关系的发展超过40万年。从佩滕伊察湖收集的岩芯中发现了沿着中美洲火山弧（CAVA）的大规模更新世至全新世火山喷发的灰床。这些灰床被用来建立一个强大的年表延伸到400 ka。我们使用的主要和微量元素的玻璃组成，以建立12个良好的约束湖火山灰层之间的相关性佩滕伊察湖沉积物和CAVA源火山的沉积物，并与他们的海洋等价物在东太平洋沉积物。这些数据还使人们能够对先前确定的8次喷发体积和质量进行修订，对另外4次喷发进行初步估计，并为14次先前未知的喷发指定源区。新的和修订的沉积速率为旧的沉积物序列确定84和72万年之间的MIS 5a的间冰期，其次是72和59万年之间的stadial，对应于MIS 4。我们修改了佩滕伊察湖沉积物序列的年龄模型，将新热带区的古气候和古生态记录延长到400万年，并确定了CAVA喷发的规模和时间。
Lake Petén Itzá, northern Guatemala, lies within a hydrologically closed basin in the south-central area of the Yucatán Peninsula, and was drilled under the auspices of the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) in 2006. At 16°55′N latitude, the lake is ideally located for study of past climate and environmental conditions in the Neotropical lowlands. Because of its great depth (>160 m), Lake Petén Itzá has a record of continuous sediment accumulation that extends well into the late Pleistocene. A key obstacle to obtaining long climate records from the region is the difficulty of establishing a robust chronology beyond ∼40 ka, the limit of14C dating. Tephra layers within the Lake Petén Itzá sediments, however, enable development of age/depth relations beyond 40 ka. Ash beds from large-magnitude, Pleistocene-to-Holocene silicic eruptions of caldera volcanoes along the Central American Volcanic Arc (CAVA) were found throughout drill cores collected from Lake Petén Itzá. These ash beds were used to establish a robust chronology extending back 400 ka. We used major- and trace-element glass composition to establish 12 well-constrained correlations between the lacustrine tephra layers in Lake Petén Itzá sediments and dated deposits at the CAVA source volcanoes, and with their marine equivalents in eastern Pacific Ocean sediments. The data also enabled revision of eight previous determinations of erupted volumes and masses, and initial estimates for another four eruptions, as well as the designation of source areas for 14 previously unknown eruptions. The new and revised sedimentation rates for the older sediment successions identify the interglacial of MIS5a between 84 and 72 ka, followed by a stadial between 72 and 59 ka that corresponds to MIS4. We modified the age models for the Lake Petén Itzá sediment sequences, extended the paleoclimate and paleoecological record for this Neotropical region to ∼400 ka, and determined the magnitude and timing of CAVA eruptions.
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