IS THERE A MORAL OBLIGATION NOT TO INFECT OTHERS
IS THERE A MORAL OBLIGATION NOT TO INFECT OTHERS
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DOI：
10.1136/bmj.311.7014.1215
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发表时间：
1995-11-04
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
HOLM, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HARRIS, J;HOLM, S
艾滋病毒感染和艾滋病的出现使人们重新关注围绕传染病携带和传播的义务。本文提出了三个相关的问题：是否存在不传播传染病的一般义务？是否有特别义务不在工作场所传播疾病？疾病的传播方式是否会影响传播的道德规范？如果会，如何影响以及影响到什么程度？在可以避免的情况下，似乎有一种强烈的初步义务，即不伤害他人，不传播疾病，这种义务既适用于艾滋病毒疾病，也适用于普通感冒等相对微不足道的疾病。然而，期望人们履行这一义务的合理性取决于社会以提供保护和补偿的形式回报这一义务。
The emergence of HIV infection and AIDS has refocused concern on the obligations surrounding the carrying and transmission of communicable diseases. This article asks three related questions: Is there a general duty not to spread contagion? Are there special obligations not to communicate disease in the workplace? And does the mode of transmission of the disease affect the ethics of transmission and, if so, how and to what extent? There seems to be a strong prima facie obligation not to harm others by making them ill where this is avoidable, and this obligation not to communicate disease applies as much to relatively trivial diseases like the common cold as it does to HIV disease. The reasonableness of expecting people to live up to this obligation, however, depends on society reciprocating the obligation in the form of providing protection and compensation.