Design of Living Barriers to Reduce the Impacts of Snowdrifts on Illinois Freeways
Design of Living Barriers to Reduce the Impacts of Snowdrifts on Illinois Freeways
复制标题
设计活动屏障以减少雪堆对伊利诺伊州高速公路的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Xianming Shi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Petrie;Yan Qi;M. Cornwell;Md Al Adib Sarker;Pranesh Biswas;S. Du;Xianming Shi
吹雪占伊利诺斯州交通部冬季维修总支出的很大一部分。该项目旨在制定建议的设计和放置的生活雪围栏（LSF），以尽量减少雪堆在伊利诺伊州的高速公路。研究小组检查了历史IDOT数据的资源支出，进行了文献综述和调查的北方机构，开发和验证了一个数值模型，现场测试选定的LSF，并使用一个模型，以协助LSF设计。实地测试表明，适当的防雪栅栏后退距离应考虑当地冬季的天气条件，在路权内的防雪栅栏仍然对机构有利。利用计算流体力学软件Flow-3D对多孔栅栏周围的流动进行了一系列数值模拟。验证模型的模拟结果被用来制定在平坦地形和缓坡（与水平面成15°）上设置LSF的设计指南。指南提供了确定围栏挫折，风的特点，围栏的方向，以及围栏的高度和孔隙率。还解决了由多行组成的栅栏。对于斜坡较陡的路堤，提供了包括在基底处设置围栏和在路堤上设置一个或多个围栏的指导方针。设计过程可以使用现场的可用通行权来确定适当的围栏特性（例如，高度和孔隙度），以防止雪沉积在道路上。在这项工作中开发的程序提供了一种替代方案，使用可用的挫折设计围栏。这种方法没有考虑整个季节的雪输送，并且在几个大型降雪事件，非常大的单个事件或一系列小事件之间几乎没有融雪的年份中可能不太有效。然而，这一程序预计将是有效的更频繁的降雪事件，如那些发生在现场监测期间。提出了一些建议，以促进实施IDOT的研究成果。这些建议包括为伊利诺伊州高速公路建立LSF的拟议流程、LSF选址和设计指南（沿着LSF的合适植物物种清单），以及其他实施考虑因素和确定的研究需求。
Blowing snow accounts for a large part of Illinois Department of Transportation’s total winter maintenance expenditures. This project aims to develop recommendations on the design and placement of living snow fences (LSFs) to minimize snowdrift on Illinois highways. The research team examined historical IDOT data for resource expenditures, conducted a literature review and survey of northern agencies, developed and validated a numerical model, field tested selected LSFs, and used a model to assist LSF design. Field testing revealed that the proper snow fence setback distance should consider the local prevailing winter weather conditions, and snow fences within the right-of-way could still be beneficial to agencies. A series of numerical simulations of flow around porous fences were performed using Flow-3D, a computational fluid dynamics software. The results of the simulations of the validated model were employed to develop design guidelines for siting LSFs on flat terrain and for those with mild slopes (< 15° from horizontal). Guidance is provided for determining fence setback, wind characteristics, fence orientation, as well as fence height and porosity. Fences comprised of multiple rows are also addressed. For sites with embankments with steeper slopes, guidelines are provided that include a fence at the base and one or more fence on the embankment. The design procedure can use the available right-of-way at a site to determine the appropriate fence characteristics (e.g., height and porosity) to prevent snow deposition on the road. The procedure developed in this work provides an alternative that uses available setback to design the fence. This approach does not consider snow transport over an entire season and may be less effective in years with several large snowfall events, very large single events, or a sequence of small events with little snowmelt in between. However, this procedure is expected to be effective for more frequent snowfall events such as those that occurred over the field-monitoring period. Recommendations were made to facilitate the implementation of research results by IDOT. The recommendations include a proposed process flow for establishing LSFs for Illinois highways, LSF siting and design guidelines (along with a list of suitable plant species for LSFs), as well as other implementation considerations and identified research needs.