The effects of widowhood on physical and mental health, health behaviors, and health outcomes: The Women's Health Initiative.
The effects of widowhood on physical and mental health, health behaviors, and health outcomes: The Women's Health Initiative.
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-6133.22.5.513
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发表时间：
2003-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Wilcox;K. Evenson;A. Aragaki;S. Wassertheil-Smoller;C. Mouton;B. Loevinger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Wilcox;K. Evenson;A. Aragaki;S. Wassertheil-Smoller;C. Mouton;B. Loevinger
本研究采用横断面（N= 72，247）和前瞻性（N= 55，724）设计，在参与妇女健康倡议观察性研究（85.4%白色）的50-79岁妇女中检查丧偶是否与身心健康、健康行为和健康结局相关。在基线，已婚妇女报告更好的身心健康和一般更好的健康行为比丧偶妇女。虽然在3年期间保持婚姻的妇女在心理健康方面表现出稳定性，但最近的寡妇经历了明显的损害，长期寡妇表现出稳定或略有改善。两组寡妇在3年内报告了更多的无意体重减轻。身体健康和健康行为的变化是不一致的，通常影响较小。调查结果强调了老年妇女的复原力及其重建联系的能力，但也指出，需要提供服务，加强在这一过渡期间有困难的妇女的社会支持。
This study examined whether widowhood was associated with physical and mental health, health behaviors, and health outcomes using a cross-sectional (N=72,247) and prospective (N=55,724) design in women aged 50-79 years participating in the Women's Health Initiative observational study (85.4% White). At baseline, married women reported better physical and mental health and generally better health behaviors than widowed women. Whereas women who remained married over the 3-year period showed stability in mental health, recent widows experienced marked impairments and longer term widows showed stability or slight improvements. Both groups of widows reported more unintentional weight loss over the 3-year period. Changes in physical health and health behaviors were inconsistent, with generally small effect sizes. Findings underscore the resilience of older women and their capacity to reestablish connections, but point to the need for services that strengthen social support among women who have difficulty during this transition.