Sleep impairments in healthy seniors: roles of stress, cortisol, and interleukin-1 beta.
Sleep impairments in healthy seniors: roles of stress, cortisol, and interleukin-1 beta.
复制标题
健康老年人的睡眠障碍：压力、皮质醇和白细胞介素 1 β 的作用。
DOI：
10.1081/cbi-100101053
复制
发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Woods,DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Prinz,PN;Bailey,SL;Woods,DL
研究目的增加的应激反应和持续时间更长的糖皮质激素增加是衰老研究中的常见结果。皮质醇水平在昼夜节律最低点的增加也伴随着衰老。我们使用24小时游离尿皮质醇来评估健康老年人的这些年龄变化。我们假设游离皮质醇水平可以解释年龄相关性睡眠障碍的个体差异。设计该研究比较了男性和女性在基线和“压力”条件下的睡眠、皮质醇以及睡眠-皮质醇相关性。设置受试者在一般临床研究中心在基线条件和轻度压力程序下进行研究88名健康、非肥胖的受试者（60名女性和28名男性）参加了这项研究，他们来自一项成功老龄化的大型研究。平均年龄为70.6岁（±6.2）和72.3方法：收集24 h尿标本，测定尿皮质醇含量（放射免疫测定[RIA]）;在三个昼夜时间点采集血液进行测定（酶联免疫吸附测定[ELISA]）白细胞介素-1（IL-1）β;分析睡眠结构和睡眠脑电图通过多导睡眠图和脑电功率谱分析，对基线和压力夜（在适应和筛查夜之后）进行研究。（24小时尿液水平）在轻度压力条件下的睡眠受损（睡眠效率较低;阶段2，3和4睡眠的分钟数较少;非快速眼动睡眠[NREM]睡眠期间更多的EEG β活动）。当使用压力反应性测量（皮质醇和睡眠值调整基线值）时，得到了类似的结果，但当单独使用基线值时，则没有。性别差异是明显的：男性在基线和轻度压力条件下的游离尿皮质醇水平较高。皮质醇和睡眠在男性中的相关性最强;皮质醇压力反应水平解释了NREM睡眠压力反应的36%的方差。在女性中，而不是男性，较高的皮质醇也与较早的起床时间和较少的REM睡眠有关。对压力的高皮质醇反应与IL-1β循环水平的增加有关，解释了一个妇女子集中24%的方差。（以24小时尿液值为指标）可以指示健康老年人对轻度应激的反应，揭示功能相关性（睡眠受损，早起时间，睡眠期间更多的EEG β活动，更多的IL-1β）和性别差异。（国际时间生物学，17（3），391-404，2000）
Study ObjectivesIncreased stress responsivity and a longer-lasting glucocorticoid increase are common findings in aging studies. Increased cortisol levels at the circadian nadir also accompany aging. We used 24h free urine cortisol to assess these age changes in healthy seniors. We hypothesized that free cortisol levels would explain individual differences in age-related sleep impairments.DesignThe study compared sleep, cortisol, and sleep-cortisol correlations under baseline and “stress” conditions in men and women.SettingSubjects were studied in the General Clinical Research Center under baseline conditions and a mildly stressful procedure (24h indwelling intravenous catheter placement).ParticipantsEighty-eight healthy, nonobese subjects (60 women and 28 men) from a large study of successful aging participated in the study. Mean ages were 70.6 (±6.2) and 72.3 (±5.7) years for women and men, respectively.MeasurementsThe 24h urines were collected for cortisol assay (radioimmunoassay [RIA]); blood was sampled at three diurnal time points for assay (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]) of interleukin-1 (IL-1) beta; sleep architecture and sleep electroencephalograms (EEGs) were analyzed (after an adaptation and screening night) on baseline and stress nights via polysomnography and EEG power spectral analysis.ResultsHealthy older women and men with higher levels of free cortisol (24h urine level) under a mild stress condition had impaired sleep (lower sleep efficiency; fewer minutes of stages 2, 3, and 4 sleep; more EEG beta activity during non–rapid eye movement sleep [NREM] sleep). Similar results were obtained when stress reactivity measures were used (cortisol and sleep values adjusted for baseline values), but not when baseline values alone were used. Gender differences were apparent: Men had higher levels of free urine cortisol in both baseline and mild stress conditions. Cortisol and sleep correlated most strongly in men; cortisol stress response levels explained 36% of the variance in NREM sleep stress responses. In women, but not men, higher cortisol was also associated with earlier time of arising and less REM sleep. Higher cortisol response to stress was associated with increased circulating levels of IL-1β, explaining 24% of the variance in a subset of women.ConclusionThese results indicate that free cortisol (as indexed by 24h urine values) can index responses to mild stress in healthy senior adults, revealing functional correlations (impaired sleep, earlier times of arising, more EEG beta activity during sleep, more IL-1β) and gender differences.(Chronobiology International, 17(3), 391–404, 2000)