Tissue mechanics, animal models, and pelvic organ prolapse: A review
Tissue mechanics, animal models, and pelvic organ prolapse: A review
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ejogrb.2009.02.022
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Moalli, Pamela A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abramowitch, Steven D.;Feola, Andrew;Moalli, Pamela A.
骨盆底疾病，如盆腔器官脱垂，尿失禁，大便失禁，每年影响大量的妇女。由于阴道与其支撑结构之间的复杂相互作用，骨盆底可以被认为是一种生物力学结构，其被设计为抵抗盆腔器官响应于腹压增加而向下下降。虽然以前的工作已经强调了与特定风险因素（即产次，绝经和遗传学）相关的生物化学变化，但很少有人了解阴道及其支持结构内发生的生物力学变化，以防止这些盆底疾病的发生。由于获得大组织样本的挑战和伦理问题，人体研究往往受到限制。因此，有必要研究动物模型的使用及其在了解不同风险因素如何影响阴道及其支持结构的生物力学特性方面的重要性。在这篇综述论文中，我们将讨论以前用于表征阴道生物力学特性的不同动物模型：包括非人类灵长类动物、啮齿类动物、兔和绵羊。解剖学和初步的生物力学研究结果进行了讨论沿着的重要性，考虑实验条件下，组织各向异性，和粘弹性时，表征阴道组织的生物力学性能。虽然没有太多与阴道和骨盆底相关的生物力学研究，但由于科学发现的巨大潜力，未来是令人兴奋的，这将提高我们对这些疾病的理解，并有望改善骨盆疾病的预防和治疗。(c)2009年由Elsevier爱尔兰有限公司出版。
Pelvic floor disorders such as pelvic organ prolapse, urinary incontinence, and fecal incontinence affect a large number of women each year. The pelvic floor can be thought of as a biomechanical structure due to the complex interaction between the vagina and its supportive structures that are designed to withstand the downward descent of the pelvic organs in response to increases in abdominal pressure. Although previous work has highlighted the biochemical changes that are associated with specific risk factors (i.e. parity, menopause, and genetics), little work has been done to understand the biomechanical changes that occur within the vagina and its supportive structures to prevent the onset of these pelvic floor disorders. Human studies are often limited due to the challenges of obtaining large tissue samples and ethical concerns. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the use of animal models and their importance in understanding how different risk factors affect the biomechanical properties of the vagina and its supportive structures. in this review paper, we will discuss the different animal models that have been previously used to characterize the biomechanical properties of the vagina: including non-human primates, rodents, rabbits, and sheep. The anatomy and preliminary biomechanical findings are discussed along with the importance of considering experimental conditions, tissue anisotropy, and viscoelasticity when characterizing the biomechanical properties of vaginal tissue. Although there is not a lot of biomechanics research related to the vagina and pelvic floor, the future is exciting due to the significant potential for scientific findings that will improve our understanding of these conditions and hopefully lead to improvements in the prevention and treatment of pelvic disorders. (c) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.