PERCEPTION OF TRANSLATIONAL HEADING FROM OPTICAL-FLOW
PERCEPTION OF TRANSLATIONAL HEADING FROM OPTICAL-FLOW
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DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.14.4.646
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发表时间：
1988-11-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
KALISH, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
WARREN, WH;MORRIS, MW;KALISH, M
观察者平移产生的光流径向图案可用于感知运动过程中自我运动的方向，并且最近出现了对此类图案的许多形式分析。然而，关于光流航向感知的实证研究相对较少，而且现有数据表明性能非常差，航向误差约为 5-10。我们检查了在与随机点平面平行、垂直和倾斜的平移过程中的航向判断，改变观察者速度和点密度。使用判别任务，我们发现航向精度提高了一个数量级，在最高速度和密度条件下，75% 正确的阈值为 0.66，一般为 1.2。显示 63-10 点时，性能仍然很高，但仅显示 2 点时，性能显着下降；没有一致的速度效应，也没有接近表面的角度的影响。结果与基于流出的局部焦点、局部运动视差、多重注视、差分运动视差和局部最大发散的理论不一致。但它们与 Gibson (1950) 最初的关于平移过程中航向感知的全局径向流出假说是一致的。
Radial patterns of optical flow produced by observer translation could be used to perceive the direction of self-movement during locomotion, and a number of formal analyses of such patterns have recently appeared. However, there is comparatively little empirical research on the perception of heading from optical flow, and what data there are indicate surprisingly poor performance, with heading errors on the order of 5–10. We examined heading judgments during translation parallel, perpendicular, and at oblique angles to a random-dot plane, varying observer speed and dot density. Using a discrimination task, we found that heading accuracy improved by an order of magnitude, with 75%-correct thresholds of 0.66 in the highest speed and density condition and 1.2 generally. Performance remained high with displays of 63–10 dots, but it dropped significantly with only 2 dots; there was no consistent speed effect and no effect of angle of approach to the surface. The results are inconsistent with theories based on the local focus of outflow, local motion parallax, multiple fixations, differential motion parallax, and the local maximum of divergence. But they are consistent with Gibson's (1950) original global radial outflow hypothesis for perception of heading during translation.