Chitosan as an Adjuvant for Poliovaccine
Chitosan as an Adjuvant for Poliovaccine
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DOI：
10.1002/jmv.22030
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Krivtsov, G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ghendon, Y.;Markushin, S.;Krivtsov, G.
使用脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗对消灭脊髓灰质炎非常重要。然而，由于成本较高，这种疫苗在欠发达国家并不容易获得。佐剂可以提高疫苗的免疫原性，减少疫苗接种所需的抗原剂量，从而降低疫苗成本。将壳聚糖谷氨酸溶液和壳聚糖硫酸盐微/纳米悬浮液作为Imovax灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗和通过灭活减毒脊髓灰质炎病毒株获得的单价脊髓灰质炎病毒1、2和3型疫苗的佐剂进行了试验。与不含壳聚糖的疫苗相比，添加壳聚糖谷氨酸或壳聚糖硫酸盐微/纳米颗粒的灭活疫苗接种小鼠后，对脊髓灰质炎病毒1型、2型和3型毒株的免疫原性显著增强。壳聚糖制剂使1：2和1：4稀释灭活疫苗在小鼠体内的免疫原性提高8~16倍，使佐剂稀释疫苗免疫后的中和抗体效价与不加壳聚糖的未稀释疫苗免疫后的中和抗体效价相当。未稀释、1：10和1：100稀释的Imovax疫苗与壳聚糖硫酸盐微米/纳米粒混合免疫的大鼠血清中均可检测到中和抗体，而对照组仅接种未稀释的Imovax疫苗可产生抗体。这些结果表明，壳聚糖谷氨酸溶液和壳聚糖硫酸盐微/纳米混悬液能显著提高各种脊髓灰质炎疫苗的免疫原性，降低有效抗原量。J.Med.维罗尔。83：847-852,2011。(C)2011年Wiley-Liss，Inc.
The use of inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine is very important for eradicating poliomyelitis. However, this vaccine is not available readily in underdeveloped countries due to the high cost. Adjuvants can improve the immunogenicity of a vaccine and reduce the antigen dose required for vaccination, thus lowering the cost of the vaccine. Chitosan glutamate solution and a chitosan sulfate micro/nanoparticle suspension were tested as adjuvants for Imovax-inactivated poliovaccine and for inactivated monovalent poliovirus type 1, 2, and 3 vaccines obtained by inactivation of the attenuated Sabin poliovirus strains. Inactivated vaccines admixed with either chitosan glutamate or chitosan sulfate micro/nanoparticles and administered to mice showed significantly enhanced immunogenicity to poliovirus type 1, 2, and 3 strains compared to the respective vaccines administered without chitosan. Chitosan preparations increased the immunogenicity of 1:2 and 1:4 diluted inactivated Sabin strain preparations in mice 8- to 16-fold, so that the neutralizing antibody titers after vaccination with adjuvanted diluted vaccine were equal to those obtained after vaccination with undiluted vaccine administered without chitosan. Neutralizing antibodies could be detected in sera of rats vaccinated with undiluted, 1:10, and 1:100 diluted Imovax vaccine admixed with chitosan sulfate micro/nanoparticles, although in the control group, vaccination only with the undiluted vaccine resulted in antibody production. These results show that the chitosan glutamate solution and chitosan sulfate micro/nanoparticle suspension can significantly improve the immunogenicity of various poliovaccines, and reduce the effective antigen dose. J. Med. Virol. 83:847-852, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.