Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria on the Fermentation Quality and Mycotoxins Concentrations of Corn Silage Infested with Mycotoxigenic Fungi.
Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria on the Fermentation Quality and Mycotoxins Concentrations of Corn Silage Infested with Mycotoxigenic Fungi.
复制标题
乳酸菌对产霉菌毒素玉米青贮饲料发酵品质及霉菌毒素浓度的影响
DOI：
10.3390/toxins13100699
复制
发表时间：
2021-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Yuan X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li J;Wang W;Chen S;Shao T;Tao X;Yuan X
研究了乳酸菌(LAB)对产分支杆菌全株玉米青贮料发酵品质、霉菌毒素浓度和微生物群落的影响。2018年7月27日和8月10日，将产毒黄曲霉和禾谷镰刀菌的培养孢子(106cfu/m L)喷洒在玉米饲料上(5 M L)。2018年8月21日，在1/2籽粒乳熟期收获喷施(FI；3区)和不喷(NFI；3区)玉米饲草，然后在不加接种剂(CON)的情况下切碎和青贮，或添加布氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillumbuhneri，1×106cfu/gFW)、植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillumants arum，LT，1×106cfu/gFW)或布氏乳杆菌+植物乳杆菌(Bt：布氏乳杆菌和植物乳杆菌均按0.5×106cfu/g FW施肥量)。青贮90d后，固定青贮料的pH值高于非固定青贮料，醋酸(ACA)、乙醇和氨氮(NH4-N)浓度高于非青贮青贮料，乳酸(LA)浓度低于普通青贮料(p<；0.05)。与CON相比，接种剂降低了pH值，增加了LA浓度和LA/ACA。黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)仅在FI鲜食玉米和青贮料中检出，青贮比鲜食玉米降低(p<；0.05)AFB1含量，而Lb和Bt降低AFB1含量。玉米赤霉烯酮(Zen)、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)和伏马菌素B1(FB1)在NFI青贮料中的含量相似(p<；0.05)，而Bt青贮料中Zen含量最低(p<；0.05)，而LB、LT和Bt青贮料中DON和FB1含量显著低于Con青贮料(p<；0.05)。与NFI青贮料相比，真菌侵染增加了青贮料的细菌和真菌多样性。与NFI青贮料相比，青贮料中乳杆菌、卫塞拉、威氏杆菌、毕赤酵母和表观芽孢杆菌的相对丰度(RA)较高。曲霉菌和镰刀菌的RA在青贮90d后显著下降，接种扩大了这一趋势，而不考虑真菌的侵染。青贮料中的青霉菌在青贮90d后存活，而接种剂降低了青霉菌的相对分子质量。接种剂通过改变细菌和真菌群落，减轻真菌侵染对玉米青贮品质的不利影响。
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on fermentation quality, mycotoxin concentrations, and microbial communities of whole-crop corn silages infested with mycotoxigenic fungi. Cultured spores (106 cfu/mL) of mycotoxigenic Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium graminearum were sprayed (5 mL) on corn forage on 27 July and 10 August 2018. On 21 August 2018, sprayed (FI; 3 plots) and unsprayed (NFI; 3 plots) corn forage were harvested at the 1/2 kernel milk line stage, followed by chopping and ensiling without inoculants (CON), or with Lactobacillus buchneri (LB, 1 × 106 cfu/g FW), Lactobacillus plantarum (LT, 1 × 106 cfu/g FW), or L. buchneri + L. plantarum (BT: both L. buchneri and L. plantarum applied at 0.5 × 106 cfu/g FW). After 90 d of ensiling, FI silages had a higher (p < 0.05) pH value and higher acetic acid (ACA), ethanol, and ammonia nitrogen (ammonia N) concentrations, but lower (p < 0.05) lactic acid (LA) concentrations than NFI silage. The inoculants decreased pH and increased LA concentration and LA/ACA compared with CON. The aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was only detected in FI fresh corn and silages; ensiling decreased (p < 0.05) AFB1 concentration compared with fresh corn, and LB and BT decreased AFB1 concentration compared with CON. The zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol (DON), and fumonisin B1 (FB1) concentrations were similar (p < 0.05) for NFI silages, while ZEN concentration in BT was the lowest (p < 0.05) among all FI silages; DON and FB1 concentrations in LB, LT, and BT silages were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those of CON in FI silages. The fungal infestation increased the bacterial and fungal diversity of silages compared with NFI silages. The FI silages had a higher relative abundance (RA) of Lactobacillus, Weissella, Wickerhamomyces, Pichia, and Epicoccum than the corresponding NFI silages. The RA of Aspergillus and Fusarium markedly decreased after 90 d of ensiling, and the inoculation expanded this trend irrespective of fungal infestation. The Penicillium in FI silages survived after 90 d of ensiling, while the inoculants decreased the RA of Penicillium. Inoculants mitigate the adverse effects of fungal infestation on corn silage quality by changing the bacterial and fungal communities.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
HOLMQUIST, GU;WALKER, HW;STAHR, HM
通讯作者：
STAHR, HM
影响因子：
4
作者：
Carvalho, B. F.;Avila, C. L. S.;Schwan, R. F.
通讯作者：
Schwan, R. F.
用辣木叶和丙酸提高稻草青贮饲料的质量：发酵、营养、有氧稳定性和微生物群落
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
He, Liwen;Zhou, Wei;Zhang, Qing
通讯作者：
Zhang, Qing
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Ndagano, Dora;Lamoureux, Thibaut;Thonart, Philippe
通讯作者：
Thonart, Philippe
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Ogunade, I. M.;Jiang, Y.;Adesogan, A. T.
通讯作者：
Adesogan, A. T.