Impact of aerobic exercise training on age-related changes in insulin sensitivity and muscle oxidative capacity
Impact of aerobic exercise training on age-related changes in insulin sensitivity and muscle oxidative capacity
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DOI：
10.2337/diabetes.52.8.1888
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发表时间：
2003-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Nair, KS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Short, KR;Vittone, JL;Nair, KS
随着年龄的增长，胰岛素抵抗增加，肌肉氧化能力下降，但生活方式的改变--特别是体力活动--可能会逆转这些趋势。在这里，我们报告了由21-87岁的男性和女性进行的16周有氧运动计划(n=65)或对照活动(n=31)对胰岛素敏感性和肌肉线粒体的影响。静脉葡萄糖耐量试验测定的胰岛素敏感性随年龄增长而降低(r=-0.32)，与腹部脂肪含量呈负相关(r=-0.65)。运动增加了峰值摄氧量(VO2峰值，10%)、肌肉线粒体酶活性(柠檬酸合成酶和细胞色素C氧化酶，45%-76%)和线粒体基因(COX4，ND4，均为66%)和参与线粒体生物发生的基因(PGC-1pha，55%；NRF-1，15%；TFAM，85%)的mRNA水平。运动还增加了肌肉GLUT4的mRNA和蛋白(30-52%)，减少了腹部脂肪(5%)和血浆甘油三酯(25%)。这些变化都不受年龄的影响。相比之下，年轻人的胰岛素敏感度有所改善，但中老年人群没有改善。因此，尽管老年人的胰岛素敏感性没有改善，但所有年龄组的肌肉线粒体对4个月有氧运动训练的反应是相似的。
Insulin resistance increases and muscle oxidative capacity decreases during aging, but lifestyle changes-especially physical activity-may reverse these trends. Here we report the effect of a 16-week aerobic exercise program (n = 65) or control activity (n = 31) performed by men and women aged 21-87 years, on insulin sensitivity and muscle mitochondria. Insulin sensitivity, measured by intravenous glucose tolerance test, decreased with age (r = -0.32) and was related to abdominal fat content (r = -0.65). Exercise increased peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak; 10%), activity of muscle mitochondrial enzymes (citrate synthase And cytochrome c oxidase, 45-76%) and mRNA levels of mitochondrial genes (COX4, ND4, both 66%) and genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1alpha, 55%; NRF-1, 15%; TFAM, 85%). Exercise also increased muscle GLUT4 mRNA and protein (30-52%) and reduced abdominal fat (5%) and plasma triglycerides (25%). None of these changes were affected by age. In contrast, insulin sensitivity improved in younger people but not in middle-aged or older groups. Thus, the muscle mitochondrial response to 4 months of aerobic exercise training was similar in all age-groups, although the older people did not have an improvement in insulin sensitivity.