Third-generation biofuels: current and future research on microalgal lipid biotechnology
Third-generation biofuels: current and future research on microalgal lipid biotechnology
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DOI：
10.1051/ocl/2013031
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发表时间：
2013-11-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Peltier, Gilles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li-Beisson, Yonghua;Peltier, Gilles
现代社会面临的一个紧迫问题是发展可再生能源用于交通运输。微藻生物质提供了一个有吸引力的解决方案，由于其高（年）表面生物质生产力，有效的太阳能转化为化学能和非农业土地上生长的能力。尽管有这些相当大的优势，微藻生物燃料在商业上还不可持续。主要挑战在于改进培养技术和微藻菌株。微藻作物物种尚未出现。本文综述了微藻的脂类代谢及其在生物柴油生产中的应用。综述了当前生物技术面临的挑战以及在藻类模型、遗传工具和脂质代谢工程策略等方面取得的主要进展。还强调了未来可能的研究方向，以提高微藻的石油产量。
One pressing issue faced by modern societies is to develop renewable energy for transportation. Microalgal biomass offers an attractive solution due to its high (annual) surface biomass productivity, efficient conversion of solar energy into chemical energy and the ability to grow on non-agricultural land. Despite these considerable advantages, microalgal biofuels are not yet commercially sustainable. Major challenges lie in improving both cultivation technologies and microalgal strains. A microalgal crop species is yet to emerge. In this review, we focus on researches aiming at understanding and harnessing lipid metabolism in microalgae in view of producing lipid-based biofuels such as biodiesel. Current biotechnological challenges and key progresses made in the development of algal models, genetic tools and lipid metabolic engineering strategies are reviewed. Possible future research directions to increase oil yields in microalgae are also highlighted.